The inhuman life of the scholars and officials of the Northern Song Dynasty 688_The inhuman life of the scholars and officials of the Northern Song Dynasty free to read_Six hundred

"This thing is good," Cheng Shimeng and others circled around the mosquito coil.

After Zheng Lang's repeated indoctrination, several people knew that the root cause of malaria was mosquitoes and some impurified water. Therefore, once they were bitten by mosquitoes, they would be worried and feared of being infected with malaria.

"Its main raw material is the plants I asked Dashi merchants to bring. I plan to set up another prison." Zheng Lang said.

Pythorax is violent and easier to grow.

What bothered Zheng Lang was that many businessmen brought the wrong seeds, half of which were not real pyrethra. Fortunately, Zheng Lang was prepared and planted in a regional manner. After growing, it dried its dry branches and grinded them into powder. Several officials saw it and thought it was a drug. It could also be used as a drug to treat scabies. This is not the main thing. In actual chemistry development, many drugs can also appear. The problem is that things have come out, technology cannot keep up, medicine cannot keep up. The various diseases mentioned in traditional Chinese medicine are different from the various diseases mentioned in Western medicine, and it cannot convert some chemical substances into drugs well.

What Zheng Lang values ​​is still the meaning of mosquito coils.

I sent someone to study mosquito coils. I knew the coils and the proportions, but I couldn’t control the burning time.

Finally, after repeated trials, the mosquito coils that ten officials saw today were found.

It is slightly longer than later mosquito coils and can burn for six to eight hours, depending on the dryness and humidity. With this time, it is enough to survive a night.

Then he presented the mosquito coils to the court, including Zhao Zhen and various ministers, and gave a large number of them. It was not to give gifts and bribes, but to prison.

It is set up to produce it, divided into several equal parts, and the ordinary mosquito coils are simple to use. They only serve as mosquito repellent, and are very cheap, making them easy for the people to use. The latter types of spices are added with a little bit of mosquito repellent, not only to repellent, but also to incense and burn incense, and are sold to rich landlords, merchants, wealthy families, and powerful families.

Another thing is to sell it overseas.

The countries in the South China Sea, the countries in the country of Dashi and the countries of Tianzhu also have many rich people. There are also many mosquitoes. In addition to the mosquito coils used by ordinary people, the other types are mainly profit-making.

At the same time, confidentiality technology will also become an export goods after the Song Dynasty. At the same time, it can make profits for the country. It may not be much, nor is it as profits from sugar, but it is managed properly. The profits made in a year can be comparable to the tea franchise, which can be equivalent to tribute to the Khitan in one year, and may achieve a profit of more than 600,000 yuan, which is not a small number.

This is direct, because a large amount of wood chip powder, starch, nanmu powder, and pyrethrum will also drive the development of planting, manufacturing and wood industries, so that more people can have an opportunity to improve their lives. The country will also make profits in these indirect industries.

Zheng Lang gave another batch to Ping An Supervision, Sugar Supervision and some well-deserved banks.

I understand, this is another chance.

The amount of money raised will not be too much, and the proportion of Guangdong and Guangxi development calculated in units of tens of millions of scattered lice will not be large. No matter how small the lice is, it will be meat. Besides, it is not just a lice.

Zheng Lang divided a batch to several officials.

There are not many mosquito coils made, mostly for the seeds for the coming year. The yield is very small now and cannot meet the needs of pyrethra in the future.

The appearance of mosquito coils will have a certain help in preventing malaria.

Zheng Lang still longs for another plant, Jinzhong, and with this irregular Artemisia annua as supplement, the harm of malaria in Guangdong and Guangxi can be controlled to less than 20%.

Several people continued to hold the meeting and decided three days later.

The action started, and first issued a request to Dali, purchasing cattle, donkey, and mule from Dali at a high price. A batch of horses was also purchased, but not many, and horses were too expensive. There were a very small number of barbarians in the area who would work for elephants, including arable land, but the cost of elephants was high, so Zheng Lang did not put the elephants in the plan.

At first, Dali didn't pay attention. Dali had cattle, which were mostly raised for food. Zheng Lang's price was half higher than the market price. He took the initiative to cooperate with various tribes to traffic cattle to Guangnan West Road. In the end, the price of cattle quickly became expensive. Some Kaihua areas even sold cattle to the Song Dynasty regardless of local farming. Dali controlled it, but it was too late at that time.

If the number is too large, there will be riots wherever it is placed.

Zhang Kang continued to preside over the military training matter.

The troops in your hands are not enough, and a militia that can barely fight must be trained.

Zhu Shoulong and Gao Weihe presided over the arrangement of immigration, and several other officials divided the areas and each was responsible for the planning of their respective areas.

Zheng Lang himself also received the task, Acacia and Lingqu.

Then officials were sent to Jiangnan West Road, Fujian Road, Zhejiang West and Jiangnan East Road, and the mountainous areas in the southern part of Jiangnan East Road, and encouraged the people to migrate to Guangnan West Road. In fact, since the spring, people have fled to Guangdong and Guangxi one after another. Because there are not many projects, they cannot be paid for their work. The hometown is the season for farming, and not many people come. Many people are watching. When the project of Guangnan West Road begins after the autumn, they want to move to another place, and they must have some money, grain and tools in their hands. If they want to obtain these, they must participate in water conservancy labor.

However, some people were hesitant after hearing that it was Guangnan West Road. In addition, a large number of tenants moved to the south, and several routes lacked tenants. Each landlord was complaining, but at the same time had to reduce the rent, increase wages, and retain the people. Therefore, these people were not willing to come.

As Zheng Lang expected, the people who came in the end were not as many as last year. There were only 180,000 households, but actually only 100,000 households. Some households actually had a population of only two people. They had just started a family and had not had one child yet, so they asked their parents to divide the family and greed for the forty acres of good land.

Seeing these news, many officials shook their heads and worked hard. Two people would have to raise a child in the future. Can they cultivate forty acres of land?

Anyway, there are so many things that they ruined, so they turned a blind eye.

But this migration was so long that everyone expected.

As the development of Guangdong and Guangxi became more and more successful, the second development was not organized as Yu Jing said. On the contrary, a large number of people continued to pour into Guangdong and Guangxi every year, and the population became increasingly dense. Officials from various prefectures and counties followed these people to gradually resettle the remaining water conservancy development and resettlement.

This also made the migration last for more than ten years, and the most painful one was the landlords. In the end, they were about to take the tenant farmers as their ancestors, otherwise they would move to the south. Not only the Song Dynasty Jiangnan, but also a few people from the north, Dali and Jiaozhi, were secretly transferred to Guangdong and Guangxi. Even after more than ten years, a few people continued to migrate south, but most plains and valleys were gradually overwhelmed. Most of the hills and mountainous areas remained, and the number of people migrated gradually decreased.

However, this year, the number of people migrated was a little insufficient. In history, the Southern Song Dynasty area shrank, so he had to send people to develop Guangdong and Guangxi and make some supplements. The effect was poor. The scale of water conservancy was really gradually growing during the Ming and Qing dynasties. For example, Gaozhou, which had a small area, had 163 ponds, and there were 27 embankments and ditches that blocked fields. However, there was no national development like Zheng Lang, which led to many shortcomings. During the Jiajing period, Zhang Yue, a good official, guarded Lianzhou, widely used ponds, and taught people how to farm. At that time, the profits of the fields were gained by the public. However, in the early Qing Dynasty, the local people still did not know the method of irrigation, and even the water-like areas could only be cultivated into land and planted dry crops. It was not cultivated into paddy fields.

It was not until the Qianlong period that the prefect Zhou Shuoxun specially hired craftsmen to build water trucks as a demonstration, and the Superintendent Bandi made water trucks and distributed them to Hepu County for trials. He also recruited people familiar with agriculture in the south of the Yangtze River to come to the vicinity of Lianzhou Fucheng to develop 50 acres of paddy fields to promote. The villagers learned about the method of creating paddy fields and attached importance to cultivating paddy fields. Later, there were more ponds and dams in Lianzhou Prefecture. "The farming method has been more sophisticated until Jiaqing. All the sea and slopes can be planted. That is, the plain fields of pupa are mostly cultivated with ash manure, so the harvest is often increased." "In the past, we did not have manure or weed. Now, we plow the fields in winter to dry the snow, and when we entered the manure to plant rice seedlings in spring,... Those who attached the mountains dug ditches to build dams, those who were digging wells and opened ponds, and those who were close to the water made cargoes to build oranges or irrigated."

That is, Zheng Lang directly transitioned from the Song Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, and the scale was even more magnificent.

One thing that cannot be ignored in this is that the barbarians do not know about agricultural planting, and the Chinese households need to take the lead in guiding the situation.

The more Han households move, the more mature the agricultural development will be. Otherwise, the barbarians will figure out that creating a hundred Dujiangyans in Guangdong and Guangxi will not be able to drive the agricultural development of Guangdong and Guangxi.

The same is true in another area of ​​Guangnan West Road, the main area of ​​the development this time. In the Ming Dynasty, policies such as recruiting people to reclaim and reclaim, immigration and reclamation were adopted, which was quite similar to Zheng Lang's this time. However, it took a longer time and was very small, making its arable land area reach more than 7 million mu. Yongzheng changed the land to return to the current, allowing the population of other provinces to be moved into Guangxi in large quantities. The advanced production technology of the Han people all brought, making the arable land area in Guangxi reach nearly one million hectares.

They are still Chinese households, and half of them are forced to move.

But Zheng Lang did not dare to force the Hanhuo to come, so he had no choice but to develop the population with these people.

When he arrived at Lingqu, he received an edict, allowing Zheng Lang to establish an Anmian Prison in Guizhou, and Zhao Zhen personally gave the name of the Mosquito Reincarnation, Anmian Incense.

Seeing this name, Zheng Lang felt a little strange in his heart. He thought of sleeping pills...

I almost thought of euthanasia. This is the emperor's name. What should I do? Just sleep incense.

Put down the edict and check out Lingqu.

The maintenance of the Ling Canal is divided into three parts: water diversion, water storage, irrigation, steep gates and embankments.

The southern end of Lingtu is the upper reaches of the Li River, and the northern end is the upper reaches of the Xiang River. However, there is a river more than 30 miles west of the source of the Li River, the Xun River water. If you dig a river, cut off the Xun River water and lead it to the source of the Li River, build some embankments, and build some steep gates at the intersection of Lingtu, which can raise the water level of Lingtu, which is conducive to navigation and irrigation.

But after looking at it, the project was too big, and the money I could use in my hand was very nervous, so I finally abandoned this tempting idea.

The remaining first part can only have two parts: water storage and irrigation.

Water storage means to excavate collapsed canal sections, dig deep and control wide, and then use steep gate control to control the control.

The more steep gates, the smoother the water flow will be. However, with more steep gates, the management costs will be high, the ship's navigation costs will increase, and the navigation speed will be slow. Therefore, the setting of each steep gate is very important.

After several times, Zheng Lang still looked at the West and longed for the Xunjiang River. But after calculating the cost in his mind, he gave up this idea again.

We could only make a decision on the steep gate. After repeated consideration, we did not increase ten steep gates like Echang and Tang Suizu during the Qianlong period, so that the number of steep gates reached thirty-two steep times, and built ten bridges, and only added steep gates to twenty-six steep times and eight bridges.

It is not over yet. Several forks have to be built to store water, drainage and irrigation, and to alleviate the velocity of rivers.

Finally, there are stone dams. Nowadays, most of them are earth dams and often collapse. Stone dams must be used. Later, when repairing, the Qianyue cage stone method and the Ming Dynasty fish scale pond method were used to build stone dams. The fish scale pond method is the most solid, but the cost is also high. It is impossible to use the fish scale pond method all. Even on Guangnan East Road, only a few dangerous places were used, and other places were still using the cage stone method. Bamboo baskets of cage stones, inlaid banks, and deep river channels. It is not a simple project. Without the practical experience accumulated over the years, Zheng Lang could not plan the maintenance plan of the Lingqu Canal.

It was just a spiritual canal, Zheng Lang went through three times. The inspection time lasted for two months, and more than 60 officials were used, and more than 200 related yamen runners were involved.

After designing the Lingqu, I ran to the Xiangsi Temple again.

The dam refers to the dam on the river. Before the Tang Dynasty, there were mostly no steep gates (navigation gates) on the artificial canals, and there were slopes. When ships passed through the dam, they had to be dragged with human or animal power. At the beginning of the excavation of the dam, the water was blocked and the flow was divided from the east and west. After the dam was formed, one water and two were separated, like a relative far away from the world, and the lovesickness was like water and longing for each other, which gave rise to this beautiful name.

It was already available in the Tang Dynasty, but it was called Xiangsi Water. It was built in a hurry only to meet military needs. Not only did there be no steep gates, but there was no deep digging, and the river design was unreasonable. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that further repairs became Xiangsi Water, and it was officially recorded in history. However, the design was very unreasonable. The area of ​​silver carp steep "walks and rushes, and the stones are mostly broken by the slums", "the rapids are up and down, and the stones are choked, and the stones are choked, which are hindered by the columns." During the Yongzheng period, Ortai passed by the silver carp pond, and was about to be frightened by the rapids of the river. He reported to the court. Yongzheng issued an edict to Ortai and Jin Gong to personally investigate, build twenty steep gates and chisel 386 stones that blocked the ship. This project repair took a lot of manpower and material resources, and it took a year to complete.

The Xiangsi Water cultivated by the Tang Dynasty must not work. Zheng Lang wanted to build the Xiangsi Mai to carry out from scratch, and the project was even larger than that of Ortai. However, once it was completed, its function could be at least one-quarter of the Ling Canal. Ships from the huge Liujiang River Basin no longer had to go east to Wuzhou, and then took countless detours from Wuzhou, and arrived at Guizhou. Moreover, this Tai can be used as irrigation.

After wandering around, the scale of immigration was not as large as last year. Zheng Lang couldn't help but sigh: "There is still less labor."

I had to write a letter to Tian Yu and Yuan Tao, asking them to allocate some labor force from Guangnan East Road to support them.

In October, he returned to Guizhou and established a sleeping prison. He received more than 1.6 million yuan in selling the stocks. It was not a small number, but it was far from enough. If there was another five million yuan, Zheng Lang would dare to revise the Lingqu maintenance plan and direct the Xunjiang water to the source of the Li River. But he probably couldn't do it anymore. Once the maintenance was completed, it would not be able to be re-guided, otherwise there would be a rework and serious waste. Insufficient immigration and Lingqu became two major regrets in Zheng Lang's heart.

It is difficult to do practical things, and two things happening in the court also verify this truth.

Ouyang Xiu recommended Wang Anshi as the judge of the group herds. He didn't know that he valued Wang Anshi's ability or wanted to improve his relationship with Zheng Lang. Wang Anshi resigned and took office. Ouyang Xiu repeatedly persuaded him and took office. Shen Kang also asked Chen Zhizhong to give him the position of judge of the group herds. Chen Zhizhong said: "Wang Anshi resigned and summoned, so the court was good at sending the imperial examination, and the court set up a museum to wait for the talents in the world. We should take virtue and give first, and fight for this. The public regards Anshi, so he has a strong face."

As a minister of the museum, you are a talented position, so why are you so shameless?

Shen Kang gradually retreated in shame. At this point, Zheng Lang’s three students, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang and Lu Gongzhu, all entered the court.

But this is not the case.

The eunuch Yang Yongde asked to buy a water delivery shop in Caibian River. Yang Cha disagreed, and it was inconvenient for many water delivery shops. Yang Yongde was unhappy and destroyed them from many places. Yang Cha was annoyed and Chen also ordered a check on the underwear warehouse. The inner warehouse should not be bought and paid. The officials in the incense field took money and begged for money. The imperial city officials did not pay for the outside investigation.

That is, since this year, the eunuchs in the palace have become more and more lawless and have done many bad things.

Yang Yongde simply falsely accused Yang Cha and resigned from the guards of the company, and ordered Kaifeng Prefecture to investigate these implicated guards. When Yang Cha saw it, he said, "Don't mess with him, we beg for abolishment. Fan Zhen said that Yang Cha was innocent and did not report it. Zhao Yan also said: "If you are guilty, you should not be transferred to the official position; if you are not guilty, you should not be changed to the position. You are begging to pursue and return the new life." He also said:

Yang Cha was appointed as the Minister of Revenue and was appointed as the Minister of Revenue. Wang Gongchen was appointed as the envoy of the new three departments.

Then Wang Ding was in charge of the murder case of Xunqian, and was moved to Huainan, Jiang, Zhejiang, and Jinghu. Yongde asked to set up a deputy envoy of shipping along Bian to set up a substitute for the shipment. He could save 60,000 soldiers a year. Ding thought it was not possible. Wang Ding's advice was correct. Although he had to change the ship every year, he could only take a boat, and he could rest without a boat, and he could also take a turn for each other. Moreover, there was a law of exemption from the service, and he hired some servants instead of the service to save the labor of the ship, but once a layup was set up, it became a common practice, and the transportation of soldiers would become hard labor. Either if these hard labor was stripped of money, the country would cause a lot of waste. However, Wang Ding had good arrangements, and the officials and the people thought it was convenient, and Yang Yongde could do nothing. So the other person was in trouble.

Xu Yuan.

When Xu Yuan first arrived in the south, he was like Wang Ding, and was selfless and offended many people and was inconvenient to his actions. So he became smooth and gave some gifts to the powerful people in the capital, and relaxed a little at the giant ship to deal with it. But there were only so many big boats, and some people could not get them. However, he was happy, and Xu Yuan gradually became more convenient to do things below. Therefore, he had been in charge of Jianghuai for thirteen years and made many contributions.

But I don’t know what happened to this news, so I let Wang Yaochen know.

Two things happened one after another, and people couldn't help but think about Yang Yongde.

Wang Yaochen wrote a memorial, talking about Xu Yuan's incident. He was demoted to Yangzhou, but Xu Yuan thought of his own nature and felt guilty.

What to do? In order to do practical things and reduce trouble, I have to do this, so I have a clear conscience.

Yang Cha and Xu Yuan were demoted one after another, but did they do something wrong? Yang Cha was not strong enough, Xu Yuan was not gentle enough, so how should we do things?

Zheng Lang linked these two things together, wrote a memorial, and then said a sentence later, "It's difficult to walk! It's difficult to walk! There are many miserable roads, where are there now? The wind and waves are always there, and the sails and masts are blowing. Li Bai's passionate poem "It's difficult to walk", the latter sentence made him tamper with it, and then directly presented the memorial to the court.

The inhuman life of the scholars and officials of the Northern Song Dynasty 688_The full text of the inhuman life of the scholars and officials of the Northern Song Dynasty is free to read_Chapter 688: It is difficult to update the road!

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