Chapter 68 The Sudden Outbreak of the Korean War
The training of the 18th Army has been underway as scheduled. During this period, the international situation has been in panic, and the Korean War is likely to break out at any time.
Wang Mingyu kept emphasizing issues such as military appearance and discipline at the meeting, because after the battle abroad, many things are involuntarily involved, and language issues will become obstacles, so you must be vigilant at this time.
Why did the Korean War break out? What are the root causes here? Let’s analyze the root causes and some inside stories of the Korean War break out.
Because during World War II, then-US President Roosevelt and Soviet Council of Ministers Stalin agreed at the Tehran meeting to achieve independence, the Korean Peninsula, "at the right time."
From 4th to 11th month, 1945, Roosevelt, Churchill, the heads of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain, signed a secret agreement at Yalta in the Crimean Peninsula of the Soviet Union. The meeting decided that the United States, the Soviet Union, China (KMT government) and the United Kingdom should implement international trust. At the Yalta Conference, Stalin once asked US President Roosevelt what foreign troops would enter North Korea, but Roosevelt replied no.
On August 9, 1945, on the eve of Japan's defeat and surrender, the United States proposed to use the 8th-degree north latitude line as the boundary, namely the 38th parallel, the United States and the Soviet Union respectively occupy the southern and northern parts of the Korean Peninsula, and were recognized by the Soviet Union. As a result, the fuse for the Korean Peninsula to split the north and south camps later.
In late August 1945, after the Soviet Union sent troops to Japan to Japan, the vanguard quickly arrived near Kaesong in the central part of the Korean Peninsula. The US navy and Marine Corps were still in Okinawa, thousands of kilometers away, so it proposed to divide the surrender range with the 8° latitude line in the north latitude (this is the source of the "38th Line").
Stalin agreed to the United States' request because his vested interests (the Yalta Agreement guarantees the interests of the Northeast and the Dalian-Lushun Military Port) were not damaged. In September 1945, the US military was able to successfully land on the Korean Peninsula.
The area north of the 38th parallel accounts for 57% of the total area of the Korean Peninsula, the population accounts for 40% of the total population, the area in the south accounts for 4% of the total area, and the population accounts for 60%. The northern part of the Korean Peninsula is an industrial zone, while the south is the main grain-producing area. At the beginning, the United States appointed administrative personnel from the Japanese colonial period in the southern region, which aroused dissatisfaction among the Koreans. Later, the US garrison began to use Americans who were not aware of the local situation to replace the Japanese, which was also opposed by the Koreans.
On January 9, 1945, the U.S. Military Affairs Office announced the Moscow Agreement signed by the Foreign Ministers of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union on January 7 on the trusteeship of the Korean Peninsula and the establishment of a temporary democratic government on the Korean Peninsula.
In 1946, the US-Soviet and UK Trusteeship Committee (China did not participate because it was on the brink of civil war), formally completing the agreement in the Yalta Agreement. Although the committee's goal was to enable the Korean Peninsula to elect its own legitimate democratic government as soon as possible under the supervision of this committee.
But at the same time, both the United States and the Soviet Union supported the regimes that were subject to their own forces within the scope of their own occupation. Both the United States and the Soviet Union, on the brink of the Cold War, absorbed the lessons learned in Europe and began to boldly set up the "Iron Curtain" on the issue of the Korean Peninsula, which is the vacuum zone in the Yalta Agreement.
On May 10, 1948, under the strict guard and supervision of the US military and police, South Korea (later South Korea) held a separate election. According to statistics after the closure of various voting sites on the 10th, about 85% of the 8 million voters in South Korea participated in the election. The result of the election was that Syngman Lee became the first president of the Republic of Korea with a slightly superior advantage.
On August 15, the bourgeois government of the Republic of Korea was established. In May 1950, South Korea held a new round of general elections. President Lee Seung-man's party only retained seats of 10 seats.
The north, without the supervision of a neutral country, took measures to elect its own separate election. According to the Soviet Union, 99.98% of voters participated in this election in North Korea, and Kim Il-sung was elected as the supreme leader of North Korea.
The Supreme People's Congress was established on September 9, 1948, which announced the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and was immediately recognized by the Soviet Union and the socialist countries in Eastern Europe.
On June 7, 1950, the North Korean leader appealed to the people of the north and the south, demanding peaceful reunification of the country based on general elections held throughout the peninsula from August 5 to 8, and called for a consultation meeting in Haizhou from June 15 to 17 for this purpose. However, this proposal was not achieved due to the sudden outbreak of the Korean War.
As a result, the Korean Peninsula formed two regimes that are in nature and ideologically hostile. However, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea and the Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, both the north and the south of the Korean Peninsula believe that there is only one country on the Korean Peninsula and that the country is in a state of division, and national unity is the goal pursued by both sides.
From a nationalist perspective, the entire ethnic group on the Korean Peninsula has moved towards division and has embarked on the path of confrontation with each other under different ideologies. Whether ideology or emphasizing the legitimacy of their respective countries, neither South Korea nor North Korea can resolve the problem through peaceful dialogue, which is also the initial reason for the outbreak of the Korean War.
Since 1946, the Soviet Union has trained thousands of North Korean officers, and each division has been equipped with about 15 Soviet advisers. It is worth mentioning that in 1949, Kim Il-sung ordered Park Il-woo to go to Beijing, which had just been peacefully liberated, to find "borrow" two PLA Korean divisions (164, 166th Divisions), which were originally called the "Korean Volunteer Army", after they were approved by the Chairman.
A large number of officers and soldiers who had participated in the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Civil War in Northeast China and within the Guardians, and had rich practical experience were enriched into the North Korean army, including General Fang Hushan, who made the US military frightened. Therefore, in 1949, the strength of the Korean People's Army was indeed unmatched by the South Korean army.
At the same time, in order to ensure the political centripetal force of the army, all officers of the Korean People's Army were held by anti-Japanese veterans or those who did not cooperate with Japan during the Japanese colonial rule.
Since January 1950, after the Soviet Union and the United States successively withdrew their troops in North Korea and South Korea, the North Korean government has consulted closely with the Soviet leaders and made Stalin "agree with the North Korean leaders' analysis of the situation and preparation for the idea of national unity in a military manner."
In the early morning of June 5, 1950, after obtaining Stalin's consent, Kim Il-sung, Prime Minister of the Cabinet of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, ordered the army to cross the 38th parallel and launched a sudden attack on the Republic of Korea.
Since two-thirds of the troops of the Republic of Korea's National Defense Forces had not yet entered a state of combat readiness and had no power to resist, three days later, Seoul (now Seoul) was lost on June 7. During the retreat, the senior Korean leaders panicked and blew up the Han River Bridge, giving a large number of troops to North Korea, and quickly dismantled the South Korean army's resistance.
It is worth pointing out that Kim Il-sung did not inform China of its detailed combat plan and specific date of war in advance, so mainland China, like the United States, did not learn about it until the beginning of the war. This can also be called the true sense of the unilateral "undeclared war".
On June 6, US President Truman ordered the US Far East Air Force stationed in Japan to assist South Korea in combat. On the 7th, the US Seventh Fleet was once again ordered to enter two ports in Keelung and Kaohsiung to patrol the Taiwan Strait to prevent the People's Liberation Army from liberating Taiwan.
At this point, the Korean War officially broke out. From the moment the Korean War broke out, the 18th Army received news from the Korean Peninsula. Gaoshan's intelligence department had quickly transmitted the news back to the country in North Korea.
Wang Mingyu didn't expect that this would be the result at this time. He originally thought that the Korean War would be ahead of schedule, but he didn't expect that it would break out on time. This made Wang Mingyu a little puzzled. It should not be like this, but he didn't know why it ended up like this.
However, Wang Mingyu knew that the outbreak of the Korean War was equivalent to that China had less than four months left to participate in the war.
Due to an emergency, Wang Mingyu immediately held a meeting. At this time, Beijing may not have known about the outbreak of the Korean War. More than two hours have passed since the outbreak of the Korean War.
Looking at Wang Mingyu's deep face, everyone felt some depression in it.
"Captain, is there something wrong?" Wu Peilin asked carefully as he looked at Wang Mingyu's bad expression, because he rarely saw Wang Mingyu's expression. Anything like this was not good news.
"You sit down first and wait until someone arrives, I will announce it together!" Since it is afternoon, many people have received the notice and it takes some time until half an hour later that the meeting arrives as scheduled!
"Comrades, since you are all here, I will announce an important news below! The Korean People's Army launched an attack on the South Korean army today, and the Korean War officially broke out!" Wang Mingyu spit out this important news word by word!
"What? Commander, North Korea dares to take action? Where did they get such great courage?" Wu Peilin was startled.
"That's right, I thought that if I took action, South Korea would take action. I didn't expect that North Korea would take action first. Could it be that there is a shadow of the Soviets behind it?" Li Xianyu said in surprise.
"If the Korean War breaks out, then won't we be able to fight soon?" Zhang Deen said excitedly.
Wang Mingyu coughed softly and said, "Comrades, whether we participate in the war or not needs to wait for the central government's decision, but it is impossible at least in the short term! Since the Korean People's Army launches a war, I'm afraid they will persist for a while. If they can persist for a longer time, the Americans will participate and they will lose!"
Li Xianyu said: "But the commander, you must know that the Soviets are also supporting North Korea behind their backs. If the United States participates, the Soviet Union will not sit idly by, right? Otherwise, it would be too priceless!"
"That's right, if the Soviets ignore North Korea, why should we participate? If they beat them, whoever lives or dies?" Sun Dabao said in a muffled voice.
Wang Mingyu said: "The possibility of the Soviets participating is not high. Perhaps they are already providing some assistance to North Korea, and they have even helped North Korea train a group of officers. But if they want to send troops, they must pass through our side. Do you think we will let the Soviet army enter our territory? It is easy to get in, but it is difficult to get out!"
"Yes, if this is true, it is indeed unlikely to let the Soviet Union participate. If the Soviet Union really takes root in North Korea, then our Northeast will be in danger. At that time, the wolf will be driven away in front and tigers will be welcomed in the back!" Huang Boxiong said.
Wang Mingyu said: "Yes, that's the reason. So if the United States participates in this war, then we will inevitably participate in it. However, our goal is not to control North Korea, but to make North Korea independent! This will form a buffer zone. Otherwise, once the Americans drive North Korea out of the Korean Peninsula, they will face our country's territory directly, and we will lose more than we can."
"Commander, what should we do now? Do we need to deploy defenses on the border?" Wu Peilin asked.
"The last time several divisions that passed by us had secretly reinforced North Korea, but even so, they could not be opponents of the Americans. All we have to do now is just one word, wait!" Wang Mingyu said.
"We can't sit still and wait for death!" Li Xianyu said anxiously.
"Hehe, who said I'm waiting to die? Tang Feng has worked very hard outside. I think it's okay for them to pretend to be the Korean People's Army. They just let them exercise first, as long as they don't expose themselves, it's enough to be a front-end stand for us!" Wang Mingyu said with a chuckle.
Everyone smiled, but the female political commissar's faces were not so good-looking. Now their lives have just stabilized, and they didn't expect that the war would begin. Although they also knew that their husbands were the leaders of the army and their lives were actually very safe, war always made people worry.
Wang Mingyu smiled and said, "You all should do whatever you want to go back. The soldiers come to stop you! As generals, we must do this first thing, but I have a new rule now, and pregnant women are not allowed to go out to fight!"
Li Xianyu and others understood what it meant. You should know that they actually didn’t want their wives to go to the front line at all, so when Wang Mingyu said this, they naturally understood what it meant. These two months are the last chance!
Chapter completed!