Chapter 246: Huge hidden danger at the root of Ming Dynasty(1/2)
With Zhu Ying's order confirmed, dozens of cavalry set off from the capital.
In order to ensure the speed of information dissemination, all personnel this time have specially approved expedited documents and can be passed through the station.
At Zhu Ying's request, all the news must be disseminated within half a month.
Two days later.
Zhu Yuanzhang came down from the morning court and felt a little tired.
After thinking about it for a while, he went straight to Kunning Palace.
"Well, your eldest grandson, we are working very hard in the court, but you are here fishing, do you still have my grandpa in your eyes?"
As soon as he entered Kunning Palace, Zhu Yuanzhang saw his eldest grandson fishing in the yard with a fishing rod.
On the other side is Li Weiliang of the Hanlin Academy, who is looking at the memorial.
Of course, Zhu Yuanzhang had known about this for a long time, so he came here specially.
"Grandpa, my grandson is in Tao Yi's mood. People need to combine work and rest to be happy, healthy and live a long life."
Zhu Ying replied with a smile, without any embarrassment at all.
When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he was furious and said: "How old are you? You are only eighteen years old. Now you pay attention to health care. We are already sixty or seventy, and we are still working hard."
"We have already told you to go to the morning court with us early, why are you so lazy?"
Zhu Yuanzhang said this, but he walked to sit next to Da Sun very honestly, and then waved to Liu He, who immediately sent him a fishing rod.
The grandfather and grandson started fishing together like this.
"Grandpa, don't worry. Once the grandson's plan is completed, there will be almost nothing to do in keeping Zao Chao Shang. Now judging from the memorial, those things in Zao Chao Shang are just trivial matters the size of sesame seeds and mung beans."
"There are some difficulties, and they are all clichés. If you talk about them, you will find that they still can't be solved."
"When it comes to people's livelihood, it just means money and grain. When it comes to the civil service level, it means officials administering the Qingming Festival."
"In domestic affairs, development must ultimately be given priority."
Zhu Ying began to tell.
Zhu Yuanzhang said: "What Da Sun said is an idea, but how to implement it concretely is the key to the matter. Many things are not as simple as imagined."
"Some officials, but they are not officials, try their best to cause damage. Sometimes, we don't know what they think. We have to be murderous in order to restrain ourselves."
Zhu Ying nodded and replied: "I just want to make more money. Grandpa, don't blame your grandson for not taking care of these things. These things will never be dealt with."
"All my energy is involved in these daily chores, and I have no time to do anything else. My grandson feels that when looking at things, we need to look outside and solve them from the root."
Zhu Yuanzhang replied angrily: "How can we not know? We are just waiting for the sweet potato crops you sent us to mature."
"As for the things in this world, as long as the problem of food and clothing for the people can be initially solved, other things will be able to get by."
"Fortunately, this year's autumn harvest is pretty good. You haven't seen it. With the arrival of the autumn grain, the people in the household department have become much tougher in their speeches in the court. This makes us feel at ease."
"The two grain harvests every year are very stressful. If there is a large-scale famine, no one will be able to survive."
Hearing this, Zhu Ying agreed and said: "Grandpa is right, but there is still too much land in the world in the hands of the gentry. If this goes on for a long time, it will not be a good thing."
When it comes to the land issue, Zhu Ying has many sighs.
Land annexation has always been a problem that each dynasty has always needed to deal with, but it has always been unable to deal with it.
No matter how we try to reform or change the law, it can only be said to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause.
As time goes by, new merger methods will emerge.
When Zhu Yuanzhang heard his grandson talking about the core issues of the country, he immediately became interested.
He did not expect that Dasun would actually study this aspect. He even put down the fishing rod in his hand and asked:
"Dasun, tell us if you have any novel ideas about the land."
"Just tell me, don't worry about anything else."
After finishing speaking, he looked around and waved gently.
Liu He, Jiang Wei and the palace ladies and officials retired one by one.
When it comes to such national events, Zhu Yuanzhang naturally has to keep it strictly confidential.
After Zhu Ying pondered for a moment, he began to say: "When my grandson was reading history books, he discovered that land is very important to the country, or in other words, to any dynasty."
“Since the rise of civilization in the Central Plains, land has gone through public ownership, state ownership, and private land ownership.”
"Land private ownership has been the mainstream for two thousand years since the Spring and Autumn Period. The biggest problem faced by all dynasties is that land has begun to concentrate in the hands of a few people."
"Towards the end of the dynasty, more and more land was controlled by the gentry. On the other hand, the land of the imperial court and the land of the common people were constantly decreasing, thus creating huge hidden dangers."
When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he nodded in agreement.
At the same time, I was also a little surprised by Da Sun's performance. This story almost started from the beginning of agriculture, which shows that Da Sun naturally studied a lot of history books in this regard.
Most people don't have such a deep understanding.
"We understand what Da Sun means, that is, after the Ming Dynasty, this problem will gradually appear."
"Actually, why don't we know this, but there is no better way."
"From the initial well-field system to the equalized land system before the Sui and Tang Dynasties, since Da Sun has understood it, he naturally understands that these phenomena are completely inevitable and cannot be stopped."
Zhu Yuanzhang said with sigh.
When the Ming Dynasty was first established, Zhu Yuanzhang also racked his brains and tried every means on how to distribute land.
At the same time, many scholars were also recruited to make suggestions together.
To this end, we have worked hard to innovate land management and grassroots management, and implemented the "yellow tax roll", "fish scale roll" and Lijia system.
Zhu Yuanzhang was actually dissatisfied with these systems, but he had no other choice.
He also knew the hidden dangers. Over time, when landlords and officials colluded with each other, big problems would also arise.
"Actually, it's not that there is no way. It's just that it's a little too early to say now. We have to wait until sweet potatoes and other crops bloom everywhere in the Ming Dynasty before we can implement it."
After hearing what Da Sun said, Zhu Yuanzhang suddenly became interested and asked: "Da Sun, tell me, what do you think?"
Zhu Ying replied: "The reason why many people sold their fields was entirely because of the famine. Those who forcibly occupied the land were not the majority."
"Those squires are not evil people. They are mostly well-known good people. It's just that there was a famine and the people couldn't survive. They sold their sons and daughters and their fields. This made the squires grow bigger and bigger."
"When the harvest starts later, the farm output of these squires will increase several times or dozens of times."
"Isn't that how the powerful people from Jiangnan came over slowly?"
Hearing this, Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help but think of his own childhood.
This is so similar to the situation at his home.
Originally, Zhu Yuanzhang's parents had some fertile land and were completely self-sufficient.
There was also a famine, so after Zhu Yuanzhang was born, he could only herd cattle for the landlords.
This situation is too common.
"How does the grandson think we should deal with the issue of land being continuously annexed by the gentry?" Zhu Yuanzhang asked after thinking for a while.
Zhu Ying replied: "In fact, it is simple to say, that is to restore the state ownership of the land. All land in the world, buying and selling is prohibited, and it is all under the control of the Ming Dynasty."
"In this way, it is naturally impossible for the squire's land to increase again, and it is difficult to hide it. That's why Sun'er said that we must wait until crops such as sweet potatoes are popularized in the Ming Dynasty."
"The system of equalizing land is not advisable, so my grandson thought of a new way of allocating land, which is to divide the land among households."
"The land is divided and the ownership is vested in the government. The land allocated to households only has the right to operate it and cannot be bought or sold."
"According to the classification of the land, taxation is determined in different grades. The person who owns the land will have more production, and the less production will have to be compensated. If there is a natural disaster, the corresponding tax will be exempted."
"In this way, those who work hard will surely gradually become rich, and when they are close to having food and clothing problems, they can also support their children and grandchildren in education and literacy."
What Zhu Ying described is actually the household contract responsibility system of later generations.
This system, after solving the food and clothing problems of most people during the old man's rule, can be replicated in today's Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Ying's words were like opening a skylight for Zhu Yuanzhang, and his vision became clear.
The more I think about it, the more feasible it becomes.
The most important thing is that unlike the current efforts to unite the gentry and landlords, this method unites the people themselves and completely avoids the shortcomings of the equal land system.
It is absolutely possible to develop in the long term.
The most important thing is to completely solve the problem of land annexation from the root.
However, as Da Sun said, this method is not suitable yet and will easily arouse the dissatisfaction of the majority of the landlord class.
Even Zhu Yuanzhang found it difficult to bear it.
Previously, in fact, as far as the landlord class was concerned, Zhu Yuanzhang had already compromised once, and that was the Guo Huan case that occurred in the 18th year of Hongwu.
Guo Huan, the minister of household affairs, and others colluded with officials in various provinces to cheat and steal official grain.
The amount of grain involved in the case was extremely terrifying. For this reason, Zhu Yuanzhang was so angry that he executed everyone from about six ministers down to the minister.
In order to recover the stolen goods, countless landlords across the country were ransacked and bankrupted. The landlords were so resentful that Zhu Yuanzhang had to execute the interrogator Wu Yong and others to calm down the situation.
To be continued...