【The second update today!】

When Liu Yihua heard Liu Wufeng's serious words, his expression became serious and nodded seriously. Liu Yihua knew that although it was not good to deceive people, in many cases, the people needed a little deception or deception. If Liu Yihua was not sent by General Zhou Xiuying, Liu Yihua's prestige when he organized the team would be greatly reduced.

Next, Liu Yihua and Liu Wufeng studied some things, and then the two went out to prepare for training the members of the Musket Team.

During this period, Liu Yihua ran into the woods and took out a Mauser 1871 rifle. Liu Yihua told Liu Wufeng that the rifle was buried in the woods just now, and Liu Wufeng certainly believed it. Liu Yihua was so loyal to him, and Liu Wufeng is now

"General Liu, that Qing army has a foreign gun team, our musket team, which... is this... which one is so powerful?" A team member asked Liu Yihua with a musket in his hand.

"You fool, of course our Musketeer team is so powerful! General Liu said, right?"

"General Liu, where is our bird gun igniting? Why is there no fuse..."

Liu Yihua just organized these people, and the team members asked in a verbal way.

Liu Wufeng looked at the messy team in front of him and shouted: "Stop yelling, let General Liu teach you!"

Liu Yihua smiled and said, "Haha, I dare not speak up. Friends, you may not understand the guns in your hands now? I just said that these popular muskets are a traditional saying. Muskets were invented by our country and have been around for hundreds of years. Now you have guns in your hands. They are flintlocks bought by the Qing government and foreigners. This gun is made of flintstones, so there is no flint! As for whether the foreign gun team is powerful or our musket team is powerful, I don't know what I say, because - you say it will count!"

Seeing the members of the foreign gun team, Liu Yihua shouted: "No, right! It's you, it's you who have the final say! As long as you train hard according to my training method, your level will soon surpass the Qing soldiers! In that way, our musket team will surpass the Qing soldiers' foreign gun team! You said that everyone is not confident of defeating the Qing soldiers' foreign gun team?"

"have……"

"Is there any?"

"Is this OK?"

Inside the team, the answers were a bit messy.

Liu Yihua looked at Liu Wufeng with a wry smile.

Liu Wufeng shouted: "What are you doing? Are you all men? Why are you like women? General Liu asked you if you have the confidence to defeat the Qing army's foreign gun team. Do you tell me if you have confidence? If you don't have the confidence, General Liu may turn around and leave! That way, when the Qing army's foreign gun team came, we can only be slaughtered! Is there too few people who killed us today? Look at how many women in our village have ruined these beasts? Are there no sisters or mothers in it? How many children have been brutally killed? How many relatives have been harmed by the Qing army? This deep hatred, don't you want to take revenge? Don't you take revenge?"

"I want, I want! We want to take revenge! We want to take revenge!" Liu Wufeng's words immediately made the members of the Musket Team in front of him angry. Thinking of their lovers killed by the foreign gun team, these Musket Team members became angry, burned, and their blood boiled!

Liu Yihua looked at Liu Wufeng with admiration. In fact, Liu Yihua also wanted to use this method to motivate the team members. But Liu Yihua also wanted to establish Liu Wufeng's prestige. After all, Liu Yihua could not lead this musket team for a long time.

Seeing that the current situation was good, Liu Wufeng looked at Liu Yihua. Liu Yihua understood it and shouted to the team members again: "Okay, we want to take revenge! We must take revenge! We must defeat the Qing soldiers' foreign gun team! Now--you, tell me! You--can you, can you, defeat the Qing soldiers' foreign gun team! Can you!"

"able!"

"I can!"

"We can!"

All of this answer to Liu Yihua was the angry and passionate roar of the members of the Musket Team!

Liu Yihua was very satisfied with this effect, and then waved his hand and said, "Okay! As long as everyone has this spirit and fighting spirit and the confidence to win, then this is a good start! Next, we will practice flintlock shooting tonight! But before the start, I would like to ask our deputy captain of the musket team, Brother Liu Wufeng, to tell you about the difference between muskets, combrosters and flintlocks. You should know that Brother Liu Wufeng has worked in the Shenhai Firearm Manufacturing Bureau. He not only knows various guns in China and abroad, but also knows foreign languages! Haha, let everyone warmly applaud and welcome Deputy Captain Liu Wufeng to speak!"

After Liu Yihua finished speaking, he took the lead in applauding warmly.

The team members were stunned and quickly leaned the flintlock rifle on their bodies, and then began to applaud with both hands. In this era, applauding is not a habit, so the team members are curious. However, Liu Wufeng just said that General Liu Yihua comes from overseas and knows a lot of advanced things. Maybe this applause is also an overseas habit, right?

Liu Wufeng was stunned and looked at Liu Yihua with a wry smile. He knew that Liu Yihua was deliberately establishing authority for him. Before this, Liu Yihua did not say that he wanted Liu Wufeng to be the deputy captain.

But in this situation, Liu Wufeng must get on! He took a few steps forward and pressed his hands. After the applause subsided, Liu Wufeng shouted: "Thank you for the praise of General Liu! Compared with General Liu, what I know is definitely a small witch! However, I do understand a little about the manufacturing of firearms. So below I will talk about the history of muskets, codons, flintlocks, and the differences.

Let’s talk about the musket first.

You know, which country invented the gunpowder we are using now? You may know, maybe don’t know, but I tell you that - it was our Huaxia who invented the gunpowder! And it was our Huaxia who first invented the musket! In our Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, there were some metal-shaped tube-shaped firearms, which were muskets, which could also be called fire drums!

Muskets can use gunpowder to fire stone bullets, lead bullets and iron bullets. They are based on various muskets used for a long time in the Southern Song Dynasty. They gradually developed with the improvement of gunpowder performance and were important equipment for the army in the Yuan and Ming dynasties. At that time, our Chinese firearms were absolutely ahead of the world! Those foreigners did not dare to come to provoke our country at all! This is a brief introduction to muskets. Do you understand?"

"Wow, it turns out that gunpowder was invented by our country? I only found out today."

"You idiot, I'll know. But I don't know that our country has used muskets so early?"

"Hey, I really envy that period. How powerful our country was in that period? Think about it now. It's really..."

The team members all sighed.

Liu Yihua said loudly at this time: "Okay. Deputy Captain Liu Wufeng said it well! Now everyone knows what a musket is? I won't take the important significance of muskets - because muskets not only load gunpowder, but also can be filled with spherical iron or stone balls, this has set a precedent for loading projectiles in metal tube-shaped firearms! This is an important contribution of our China to the development of world weapons! Our country has begun to use muskets in a large number of war hundreds of years ago! Especially the establishment of a special firearm army, the two sides of the war began to undergo epoch-making changes from the cold weapons era to the hot weapons era!

After the advent of the Yuan Dynasty, the muskets developed very quickly! In the war in Zhu Yuanzhang's establishment of the Ming Dynasty at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, muskets played a very important role! After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, a large number of muskets were made to strengthen border defense, coastal defense and city defense facilities. Moreover, during the Yongle period, the Ming Dynasty also established a special firearm Shenji camp! This promoted the change of the training and combat methods of the Ming army! The tactics of combining muskets with cold weapons such as big swords and spears were created and developed. It can be said that in the Ming Dynasty, our country's firearms were definitely ahead of this world! But what about the Qing government? It was actually closed to the country, not only did not develop the firearms that were already in the Ming Dynasty, but also disdained the firearms abroad. What was the ending? I think everyone knows now!"

"Ah, the Ming Dynasty's firearms were so powerful?"

"But the Ming Dynasty is so powerful, why was it the Qing Dynasty..."

When Liu Yihua saw that the team members were about to discuss again, he shouted: "Okay, don't discuss these issues first! Deputy Captain Liu Wufeng just talked about the history of the musket. Now, please ask Deputy Captain Liu Wufeng to talk about the history of the musket! Welcome everyone!"

After Liu Yihua said that, he applauded again.

The team members got used to it this time, and the applause quickly rang out.

Liu Wufeng smiled at this time: "Now everyone knows how powerful General Liu is, right? I just know the history of muskets, but General Liu actually talked about the significance of muskets! Haha, okay, since General Liu drove me to the shelves, then I will continue to show my ugly appearance, so I will talk about the musket!

Matchrod.

There is a metal hook on the mezzanine gun. One end of the hook is fixed to the gun, and a burning fuse is sandwiched at the other end. When firing, the fuse should ignite the black gunpowder so that the projectiles contained in the gun chamber can be fired out!

You may wonder, isn’t the fuse just a rope? If the rope is lit, it will burn all at once? Haha, so those smart people have found a solution to this problem - soak a hemp rope or a tight cloth strip in a special liquid and then dry it! This way the fire can burn slowly, so that the gunpowder can be quickly ignited with the fuse!

Haha, that’s all I know. Now everyone welcomes Liu Jiajun to add it!”

This guy Liu Wufeng has a very strong learning ability. He can learn from Liu Yihua for a while and take the lead in applauding.

The applause of the Musketeers immediately rang out. It seemed that they had gradually gotten used to the applause.

Liu Yihua smiled and said, "Okay, then I'll add one! Captain Liu Wufeng said just now that he should soak the fuse in a special liquid. Then I tell you that this liquid is "potassium nitrate or other salt solutions". These are related to a science called chemistry. You may slowly understand these in the future. The fuse burns very slowly after this treatment, and the length of the fuse can be lengthened. Therefore, no matter how long it takes to war, you are not afraid of the fuse burning.

But everyone also knows the disadvantages of this kind of mesh gun! The disadvantage is that it is afraid of moisture and rain! This is easy to understand. If it is raining, let alone whether the gunpowder will get wet, at least the mesh will be easily extinguished!

Although the convex gun is afraid of dampness, the rate of firing between the convex gun and the convex gun still has obvious advantages in terms of firing rate! A well-trained shooter can fire 2 bullets every 3 minutes! If many people fire in rows, it can cause a dense rain of bullets! This lethality is very terrifying! You should know that the long-tube convex gun has a range of at least 100 meters, and some are even 200 meters! You can imagine what the situation would be like if we were holding a big knife spear and a bow and arrow to deal with such a convex gun?"

"Ah, the range is 200 meters? What is meter? How far is 200 meters?"

"Idiot, don't know any rice? 200 meters? It's just over 200 steps, right?"

"More than 200 steps? It is said that a powerful archer can penetrate Yang with hundreds of steps, but even if he is powerful, he can't beat someone's 200 steps of a clamp!"

The team members started to talk again.

Liu Yihua smiled and said, "Okay, don't discuss it first. The old rules are applauded and welcomed the deputy captain Liu Wufeng to award the flintlock spear!"

Liu Wufeng nodded to the members of the Musket Team in the applause, and then sighed: "Everyone knows that General Liu is so powerful? Since you know what kind of chemistry, and you know more about the Match Rope than me! Okay, let's continue to show your ugly face. Let's talk about the flintlock rifle. I dare not say too much this time. Let's wait and listen to General Liu's additions.

Flintlock rifle.

As for the flintlock rifle, it is to use a small metal hammer to hit the flintlock, which will generate sparks and then ignite the gunpowder. This is faster than igniting the gunpowder with a flintlock, and even when it is wet, the flintlock can still be used! This is the rough flintlock rifle. What we are using now is the flintlock rifle!

But please let General Liu introduce the specific history of the flintlock rifle. Because I can't figure out who invented the flintlock rifle, it is said that it is also a foreign devil?

Liu Yihua nodded and immediately said, "There is no accurate statement about the birth of the flintlock rifle. Some people think that it was the German watchmaker John Kiefers who invented this kind of gun, some say that it was Italian scientists invented the wheel-type fire device, and some people vividly said that the inventor of this kind of gun was an Italian chicken thief, and he made up such a seemingly credible story: this chicken thief often plays a gentleman on the beam at night. The main tool he used when stealing chickens was a mesoft gun, but the mesoft gun was easy to expose the target, so he used his brain to invent this more concealed mesoft gun.

It is generally believed that the story of the German watchmaker John Kiefers inventing the rotary wheel and fired muskets is more credible. The story says that Kiefers, who was born in the early 16th century, is quite famous in the watch industry. He not only can create exquisite watches of various unique shapes, but also has a strong interest in various guns, and has made many exquisite mesh rope guns by himself.

One day, a guest came to Kiefers' home. When the guest smoked and ignited the fire, he used not the popular matches at the time, but the ancient flint friction ignition method. The sparkling flint sparks instantly aroused Kiefers' inspiration. He combined the serrated rotating steel wheel on the clock with flint that could generate sparks. With his experience and wisdom, he successfully developed the world's first rotating wheel to fire a musket in 1515.

Kiefers' successful invention of rotary muskets attracted the attention of the German side. Soon, this gun began to be equipped with German cavalry and infantry. In 1544, Germany fought with France. At that time, the German cavalry equipped with rotary muskets, and the French team was still equipped with combroach guns. During the battle, it was suddenly stormy and the French army equipped with combroach guns could hardly fire a single shot. The German cavalry, which used rotary muskets as the main weapon, became more and more brave and drove the French soldiers to pieces. Soon, the French king, who had suffered repeated defeats, also hired a considerable number of similar cavalry, and these cavalry were also equipped with rotary muskets. In this way, rotary muskets gradually became the main weapon of the cavalry.

Also, since the post-loading musket had not been invented, this required high requirements for the ammunition loading technology at that time. According to the previous loading method, when loading the projectiles, the projectiles must be placed in the cavity, used a wooden hammer to send the bullet stick, and pushed the gun into the cavity. This was very time-consuming. On the battlefield, it meant a waste of life. Later, the gunmen in Pennsylvania, USA, created a method of speeding up the loading, using linen or deer-skin soaked in grease to wrap the projectiles and load them into the cavity, reducing friction, not only speeding up the loading speed, but also playing a role in holding the air, the accuracy was improved, and the range was also increased. This is basically the history of the flintlock rifle."

"Ah, it was really a foreigner invented? No wonder he is so powerful..."

"Well, didn't you say that the Qing Dynasty's firearms are very good?"

When Liu Yihua heard the comments from the team members, he smiled and said, "Yes! The firearms in the Ming Dynasty were indeed very powerful. And our country already had flintlock rifles during the Ming Dynasty!

In 1635, Bi Maokang, a firearm researcher in the Ming Dynasty, also made a flintlock rifle. Its structure and performance are no different from previous bird guns, mainly because of the improvement of the fire device. The emergence of self-produced fire guns improved the flint ignition method that my country had used for more than two hundred years to flint fire. This is a great innovation in the history of firearms in my country. Because of the use of flint ignition, there are many disadvantages. When encountering wind and rainy weather, the gunpowder in the fire door is either blown away by the wind or wet by the rain, so that it cannot be fired; sometimes

If you don’t aim well, you will misplace it too early. Bi Maokang recorded that the impact flintlock rifle. The faucet of the plate-buckle machine was pressed down. The flint was flint due to the action of the spring and flint. In this way, not only did the difficulties caused by wind and rain on shooting were overcome, but it also did not require the faucet to be pressed with your hands, so that the aiming was more accurate and could be fired at any time. The flintlock rifle is equipped with an automatic flint ignition device. It is not afraid of wind and rain without the need to ignite the flint in advance. The firing speed and accuracy have been greatly improved. It is a significant change in the history of Chinese firearms!

It’s a pity that the Qing government could keep up and did not know how powerful the Ming Dynasty firearms were. They actually wanted to import flowering bullets from England. They believed that China could not create such advanced weapons, but they did not know that a batch of Ming Dynasty flowering shells were sealed in the Ming arsenal that they took over. These Ming arsenals, both in terms of quality, range and lethality, were higher than British artillery shells. By 1840, foreign devils rushed over and found a Ming arsenal, and found that the flintstorm stored in them were not at all behind the ones they were using! The Chinese had solved the problem of the inability to fire the clamp guns in rainy days in the Ming Dynasty more than 200 years ago!"

"Wow, so awesome..."

The team members were talking again.

Liu Yihua smiled and said, "Okay, let's start learning to shoot!"

Watching the team members study, Liu Yihua pulled Liu Wufeng aside and asked Zhou Xiuying about the details.

According to historical records, Zhou Xiuying, from 1835 to 1855, was a woman from Jiang-Su Qing-Pu Baihetangwan, and was a woman from Zhou Lichun.

In 1852, Zhou Xiuying and her father led the Qing-Pu peasants to fight against food. In September of the same year, they repelled the attacks of Qing-Pu magistrate and Suzhou magistrate. The following spring, the Taiping Army captured Nanjing, and Zhou Xiuying and his daughter Liu Lichuan held the Jia-Ding Uprising with Xiaodaohui Liu Lichuan, occupied Jia-Ding, and successively captured Shanghai, Nanhui and other counties. The Qing army suppressed bloody suppression. Zhou Lichun died in battle. Zhou Xiuying and some rebels defected to Liu Lichuan of Shanghai. Xiaodaohui stood firm for 16 months. After being attacked by the Qing army and the foreign army, Zhou Xiuying was killed by the Qing army during the breakout. It is said that Zhou Xiuying was captured alive by the Qing army and was executed by Lingchi in Shanghai. At the age of 19, the story of her being cut alive and having her heart-wrenching sacrifices is still circulated among the people.

Zhou Xiuying's deeds are scattered in various documents. However, most documents only mention it briefly. There is no content. The current story of Zhou Xiuying mainly comes from oral narratives of descendants of the Zhou family and local folk legends. The most important folk legend is the article "The Big Sword Girl Xiuying".

Zhou Xiuying's appearance was in the Qingpu anti-grain movement in the second year of Xianfeng (1852). In May of that year, the magistrate Yu Longguang strongly sought out the old grain from two years ago that had been exempted. The masses were in agitation, and they fought for the grain urging ship. Just as the masses didn't know what to do next, Zhou Xiuying stepped forward and led everyone into the county government to beat the county magistrate Yu Longguang, which led the Qingpu uprising. In September of this year, the magistrate of Suzhou led his troops to encircle and suppress it. Zhou Xiuying led his men to guard the Tangwan Bridge. She used the famous "open four doors" sword technique to kill dozens of Qing soldiers alone and repelled the Qing army's attack. So folk songs praised her, "The female hero Zhou Xiuying, with big red pants and small tights, holding a large knife with a hundred twenty pounds in hand, and four doors were opened on the Tangwan Bridge."

The so-called unofficial history notes are actually folk legends that have been sorted out. Perhaps it is because of my ignorance. The legend mentioned above is not found in the notes and articles at that time. The earliest recorded in the text is the "Eighth Book of Folk Literature Collection" edited by Chaoyang. Mr. Luo Ergang used this as a reliable history, and denounced the same folk legend about Hong Xuanjiao as fiction. I don't know why it favors one or the other? But since the experts have said that, let's just decide this way.

According to legend, Zhou Xiuying was only seventeen years old when she participated in the uprising. Most of the 17-year-old Jiangnan girls were petite, but Zhou Xiuying might be an exception. At the age of seventeen, she could kill dozens of Qing soldiers by one person, and her martial arts skills can be seen. If you want to kill dozens of people by one person, your martial arts skills must not only be high, but also your physical strength must be very good. Folk song says: "The female hero Zhou Xiuying has big red pants with small tight skin, holding a large knife with 120 kilograms of big knife, and four doors are opened on Tangwan Bridge." A 120 kilogram of big knife is heavier than Guan Gong's, which is of course a praising.

Zhang. But it also shows that the knife used by Zhou Xiuying is extremely large and heavy, and most people cannot swing it. Such a big knife is not suitable for a petite woman to use. So I boldly speculate that Zhou Xiuying is a tall and strong woman with a tall and strong figure in the south and north. Folk songs also say "big red pants with small tights". I don't know how to tighten this "small tights". Since the folk songs specifically point out that it is not very common clothes, or similar to Hong Xuanjiao's yellow silk to wrap the breasts, it is unknown. If you can wear tights, your figure is mostly good. Smile.

cchere Ren Aijie

Unlike Hong Xuanjiao, experts in the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom such as Luo Ergang agreed that Zhou Xiuying was a real person. However, it is interesting that experts made great contributions to Hong Xuanjiao's name but disdained Zhou Xiuying's name. In various unofficial and official historical records, there are various ways to write the name of Zhou Lichun, a farmer of Qing-Pu. For example, the memorial of Yiliang, the governor of Liangjiang, the Qing Dynasty, "Zhou Xiucheng" was written in "Zhou Xiucheng", the notes of the owner of Qianhong's temple in "Moth's Crown" were written in "Huang Du Xuzhi" and Huang Benquan's notes "Xiao Lin Xiaoshi".

How can a person have several names? The general explanation is caused by too many homophones in Chinese. For example, Zhou Xiuying's father Zhou Lichun wrote "Zhou Liechun" or "Zhou Liechun" in many documents ("Sangzi Wenjianlu" and so on). This is because "Li", "Lie" and "Lie" are homophones in the Shang-hai dialect. However, this cannot be used in Zhou Xiuying's situation. "Xiu" and "Yu", "Cheng" and "Ying" are very different in both Shang-hai dialect and general dialect.

Another ready-made explanation is that one of the names is the big name and the other is the preface character. For example, the female hero of Jianhu Qiu Jin is named Xuanqing, the small name is Yugu, the nickname is Jingxiong, and the other is named Jingxiong, and the same name is named Jianhu female hero. It is also several names of the same person. Therefore, our female general can be named Zhou's name Xiucheng's name Yuying. This is also in line with the rules of naming and character selection. The problem is that in the past, men usually only had names and characters until they were 20 years old. Women were allowed to marry and get characters. Although this is recorded in the book, most women in reality have no characters. For example, women who regard themselves as men as fonts are not universal.
Chapter completed!