The bottom of the Moon Pyramid is rectangular, 150 meters long from east to west, 120 meters long from north to south, 46 meters high, and divided into 5 floors. It is the second largest building in the Teotihuacan ruins after the Sun Pyramid. It is located in the north of the Teotihuacan ruins, and looks like the outline of Cerrogordo. There is also a building older than the Sun Pyramid hidden in the Moon Pyramid - it already existed in 200 BC.

The Moon Pyramid was built between 450 and 200 BC. On its front there are steps to the road to the dead. At the top of the pyramid, there is an altar that was used to worship chalchiuhtlicue (the goddess of rivers and lakes, and the patron saint of fertility.) Opposite the altar is the Moon Temple.

The colorful stones that make up the pyramid. The Moon Temple is not completely open for tourists to climb. Therefore, the clouds fall to only reach the first floor.

Archaeologists entered the pyramid through excavated tunnels and found that the people of Teotihuacan were fed up with their architectural achievements. Over the past few hundred years, the pyramid has undergone at least six renovations, each time the new building was larger than before and covered outside the old site.

Looking at the Sun Pyramid from the Moon Pyramid, it is still tall and magnificent. Although the Moon Pyramid is small in scale, it is finely constructed, and the inclination angles of each of its more than 200 steps are different.

There is the Butterfly Palace to the south of the Moon Pyramid, which is the residence of religious upper class and nobles, and is also the most gorgeous place in the city. The column is engraved with extremely exquisite butterfly-winged bird bodies, and it is still bright in color.

A temple of conch decorated with beautiful feathers has been unearthed below the palace. The underground drainage system of this ancient monument is crisscrossed and dense like a spider web.

However, it is believed that more mystery is hidden under these weeds and cactus. As mentioned earlier, the city of Teotihuacán welcomed its first settlers around 800 BC. The city was most prosperous with 100,000 residents, and its influence expanded hundreds of kilometers away, including today's Guatemala. It became the most prosperous city in Central America at that time, until the 7th century AD. For some reason, the ancient city was abandoned, and people desperately buried the city when they left it. Before the arrival of the Aztecs, this city, which may be the largest in North America, was desolate.

A woman preparing to climb the pyramid a Mexican hawker selling souvenirs.

After visiting the famous attractions in the ruins. Putting aside the mysterious and heavy historical topics, Yunluo reminds you to appreciate the cactus that can be seen everywhere. The cactus is one of the patterns on the national symbols of Mexico. Its tallness really scares Yunluo.

Does anyone know how many secrets of prehistoric civilization are buried under this weeds and cactus? The various fruits produced by cactus are very beautiful. I remember that the cactus at home is to produce very beautiful flowers and fruits. The cactus here will not only bear colorful fruits and will not bloom?

The souvenir sold in the ruins park. The mysterious pattern in the middle can be found on almost all the souvenirs. What does it mean? Yunluo’s next stop will give you the answer. A very enthusiastic hawker happily accepts Yunluo’s photos.

Finally, I would like to remind you two commonly used Spanish. You must use them when traveling: the entrance to enterrada. It is a bit similar to the entry in English? Haha. The exit is called salida.

Travel tips: After visiting the Teotihuacan ruins, exit from the exit and go directly to the street to wait for the bus. You can wait for the first-time bus. This 130 car can take you back to the city.

From Teotihuacan, where the pyramid of the Sun and Moon, take the first bus back to the city. Yunluo did not take the northern bus stop at the terminal, but got off at the deportivo18demarzo, the driver may stop. Because many people get off here, this is the intersection of Metro Line 6 and Line 3, and it is easy to transfer to other places.

Next, Yunluo switched to Line 7 to Audito Rio Station. The word Audito Rio looks very much like the English auditor, but it is literally translated as an auditorium - this is a large venue, which seems to be a place for large-scale performances. Sitting on the stairs in front of the venue is the mm reading a book.

The National Museum of Humankind is nearby - in fact, the distance is not close. It takes more than 10 minutes to walk from the subway entrance of Audito Rio Station to the National Museum of Humankind. It is recommended that you write down the place you go, so you can ask people after you come out. Yun Luo took a lot of time to study the map to get it done.

There are many tall trees on the way to the National Museum. When we approach the Human Museum, there is a huge human-shaped building in the middle of the road. Since it is called the National Museum of Anthropology, it means that it gathers the great achievements of human science and culture. This shows the diversity of human civilizations that once existed on this not-so-wide land of Mexico.

The ticket to the Human Hall is also n$48. There are several exhibition halls in it. The first one is called culturesdeoccidente, which is translated as the Western Cultural Center. It may refer to humans living in western Mexico. This posture is typical among the unearthed cultural relics in Mexico, and will be seen later.

These two cutely transformed dolls will be very popular even if they are placed in the current market. It is amazing that prehistoric Mexicans can create such cute things. They are a bit abstract, but they can definitely be seen as Mexican murals.

The Mayan civilization was an ancient civilization located in the southeastern Mexico, Guatemala and the Yucaden Peninsula. Contrary to the legend, the Mayans never disappeared; now there are three million Mayans living in the Yucaden Peninsula. Many people can still speak the Mayan language today. The Mayans have never had a unified and powerful kingdom, and the entire Mayan region is divided into hundreds of city-states. However, Mayan states have traditionally belong to the same cultural circle in language, writing, religious beliefs, and customs.

Use unique hieroglyphs: Mayan characters Mayan civilization belongs to stone civilization, and the Mayans did not invent and use bronzes, let alone irons.

Most Mayan city-states in the classical period attached great importance to recording history. Most city-states erected various monuments every once in a while. Today's archaeologists have learned about the history of the Mayan civilization through these monuments. Because the Mayan calendar is quite accurate, today's historians can even know the exact dates of many events. For example, King Kopan's Eighteen Rabbit was beheaded on May 3, 738 after his defeat in the army, and Palenque King Bagar was born on March 6, 603, and on July 19, 615, the king who ascended the throne at the age of twelve died on August 30, 684. Such accurate historical records are incomparable to other ancient civilizations in the world.

Mayan civilization created a high degree of urban civilization mathematics in the system of two decimals and discovered and used the concept of "zero" (another saying it was taught by the Olmeks).

The largest city-state of the Mayan period, the city of "Tikal", in the classical period, covers an area of ​​more than 65 square kilometers, with more than 3,000 pyramids, altars, stone tablets and other relics; the area affected is 500 square kilometers in radius, and in the center of it alone, there are more than a dozen large pyramids and more than 50 small temples. The amazing design of the pyramid with an inclination of 70° is as steep as the European Gothic church, so some people call it the "jungle cathedral". In that era without advanced tools, how to cut huge stones and transport them to the depths of the jungle, and then pile up more than ten tons of stones, and pile up to seventy meters, which can be called a miracle.

Since many buildings are used for religious rituals such as sacrifices, the Mayan buildings are full of numbers about the laws of celestial bodies. For example, the pyramid of Kukulkan is about 30 meters high and is surrounded by 91 steps, which adds up to 364 steps. In addition to the Feather Snake Temple on the top of the tower, there are 365 steps, symbolizing the 365 days of a sun year. In addition to the number of steps, there are 52 four-corner reliefs on each side of the pyramid, representing the Mayan 1952 years.

Starting from the 9th century AD, the city-states of classical Mayan civilization suddenly declined at the same time. This phenomenon is somewhat surprising, and the reason is still a topic of research by historians. By the 10th century AD, the once prosperous Mayan cities were abandoned in the jungle.

Yun Luo mentioned earlier that Mexico's history is broken. Although there are museums where people learn history, it cannot cover up the fragmented and incomplete nightmare in Mexican memories.

The Mayan civilizations mentioned in the first two volumes, Mexico's western civilization, and the Teotihuacan civilization that built the sun and moon pyramids all belong to Mexico's prehistoric civilizations. They have no direct blood relationship with modern Mexicans, but have died in the long river of history. This is the most different from China. The history and culture of the Chinese nation have strong coherence and continuity, and have been around for millions of years.

After entering this exhibition hall - theexica, I began to contact the Aztecs, the ancestors of the current Mexicans. (Spanish: aztēcah, English aztec)
Chapter completed!