Chapter 26: Outline of Imperial Industry
. "In the future industrial growth will continue to adhere to the path of public property as bones and private business as flesh and blood, and will vigorously grow rural industries to solve the transition needs of surplus rural labor nearby employment and urbanization. Chinese website"
China Palace, conference room No. 1.
The ninth State Conference of Huaxing in the second year was the theme of industry.
The new Prime Minister of the Imperial Domestic Cabinet Tang Shaoyi is talking freely; "……………………………………Imperial industrial growth, with a limit of twenty-five years, will become the world's largest industrial power, and will exceed its peers in terms of total and comprehensive standards. To ensure the realization of these goals, Imperial Industry has formulated a lasting growth strategy."
"The long-term growth strategy of our empire's industrial industry is that economic growth is based on the establishment of a comprehensive self-sufficiency economic system and relying on the East Asian market to build a powerful economy that can compete with Europe and the United States, have sufficient economic and technological competitiveness, and master comprehensive and leading technical patent accumulation and R&D resources.
"Under this goal, the growth of our empire's industry is a comprehensive self-sufficiency strategy, that is, gradually free from its dependence on international division of labor, and appropriately adopt the theory of comparative advantage within our economy, protect the country, and supervise the country to grow its relative advantageous property in accordance with its actual situation in the country, in order to cooperate with the overall economic structure of the empire, and to jointly compete with the trade barriers and economic penetration of Europe and the United States with an East Asian economy."
"The mid-term goal is to narrow the gap with the total U.S. industry to about 40% within ten years. The near-term goal is as described in the Five-Year Growth Outline."
"In order to ensure the smooth realization of the above goals, the empire must formulate supporting measures from various aspects such as taxation, financial transfer payments, state investment, credit policies, introduction of property technology, integration of industry, education, and research, transportation infrastructure construction, education popularization and tariff adjustment. In addition, the national property structure must be comprehensively planned to achieve optimal allocation and intensive utilization of resources."
"In terms of taxation, the Empire's lasting goal is 25% corporate income tax, but within the near-term and medium-term period, the income tax rate of domestic and foreign enterprises will be unified to 20% to encourage national capital to invest in the industrial field. Correspondingly, the Empire will expand production of enterprises in steel, shipbuilding, automobiles, electricity, electrical, fertilizers, agricultural tools and other properties to achieve tax refunds through the taxable amount to support the growth of enterprises in these fields."
"In terms of financial transfer payments, transfer payments to enterprises mainly adopt financial interest subsidies to reduce corporate financing costs; transfer payments to individuals are mainly achieved by improving the social security system."
"In terms of national investment, state-owned enterprise groups must do three tasks; the first is to improve management."
"The goal of the reform of state-owned enterprises in the future is to achieve socialization of management, further reduce the color of government administration, avoid administrative intervention in the market, reduce market misalignment, reduce overall economic efficiency, and lead to administrative monopoly. Through Guili listing, si raising new shares, and introducing private capital, state-owned equity will drop to 60% within five years, and the administrative appointment system for state-owned enterprise managers will be completely ended and changed to the National Assets Management Committee under the two houses of the Congress to send state-owned equity representatives to serve as boards of directors to appoint senior management personnel; within ten years, state-owned equity holdings will drop to 30% but the absolute right to defence will be preserved."
"In addition, state-owned enterprise groups should increase the introduction of external directors and expand their role. The proportion of external directors in all state-owned enterprise groups shall not be less than 30%. From next year, the senior executives of state-owned enterprise groups will also launch a qualification certification system and intervene in the national unified national business manager qualification test, with their results disclosed. Those who fail to pass the exam will resign on the spot."
"Secondly, the social supervision of state-owned enterprise groups will be strengthened. State-owned enterprise groups will implement the board of directors and the Congress accountability system, and the National Assets Management Committee under the Congress is responsible for coordinating the hearings to conduct hearings on behaviors that may damage social responsibility or cause improper loss of state assets. The Ministry of Industry and Commerce will issue a white paper on state-owned enterprise governance every year starting from the beginning of next year... Announce the corporate governance of state-owned enterprise groups, including but not limited to the operation of shareholders' meetings and board of directors, the operation of special committees under the board of directors, the role of external directors, the sorting of corporate decision-making processes, etc. First... In terms of publicity, the media will fully guide the supervision of state-owned enterprise groups. This part of supervision is isolated from administrative supervision."
"Finally, state-owned enterprise groups will be strictly divided into non-profit public utilities and for-profit properties. As public property such as urban public transportation, tap water, heating and gas supply, it will be defined as non-profit public utilities. The central bank has invested in it and the public utilities management committee under the Senate Council shall review the price policy and annual budget and allocate public funds. If the funds are insufficient, the central finance shall provide financial interest subsidies...the loans are provided by the state-owned banks."
"In terms of credit policy, according to the proposal of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, structured credit easing is mainly carried out through the central financial interest subsidy model, and credit preferential services are provided to supportive property and public service organizations. The above-mentioned key supporting property belongs to a complete set of supporting policies. In addition, state-owned banks will also adopt a syndicated loan system with one drag and many, that is, State-owned and Royal Bank of China provide credit guarantee services for key supporting industries and enterprises as main lenders, and charge related fees, while other private banks can use this to provide compensatory loans for performance guarantee."
"In terms of property technology introduction, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce has revised the list of government-supported introductions, focusing on expanding the introduction of process technology and precision. Within five years, it plans to invest 300 million yuan in government-guaranteed loan-holding enterprises."
"In terms of the integration of industry, academia and research, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce and the Ministry of Culture and Education intend to jointly draft support regulations to promote the current industry, academia and research system of autonomous universities such as Dida, and to support more universities to establish laboratories, purchase equipment, and provide government research projects to guide them toward the integration of industry, education and research. The purpose of the unblocked main guiding target is to achieve direct connection between enterprises and universities and research institutes, and focus on corporate behavior."
"The empire's growth in the field of industrial technology has adopted the method of introducing overseas advanced talents, advanced technology effects, advanced instruments, advanced equipment, and cultivating national scientific research forces, and carried out in an orderly manner under the support and guidance of the country. The goal is to connect foreign leaders in the current advantageous areas, achieve beyond key areas, and achieve synchronization in other areas."
"To achieve these goals, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce plans to establish a technology introduction committee to cooperate with various research institutes to carry out unified placement planning for national technology introduction and realize technology sharing among advantageous enterprises."
"In terms of transportation infrastructure construction, national investment will focus on expanding national-level national backbone highways, trunk railways, and road traffic in major property areas, national first- and second-level ports and inland docks, and supporting warehousing and logistics facilities. In border areas, transportation infrastructure construction must strengthen national defense and economic needs, while the mainland will focus on economic needs."
"In addition to directly building and operating transportation infrastructure projects in the form of roads and railways and port companies, the state will also use credit interest subsidies, financial leasing and introduction of royal property funds to support a number of professional road transport and water transport enterprises... These enterprises will have fleets, fleets, warehouses, and establish a complete network in a certain area to provide professional transportation services to enterprises to reduce overall transportation costs and improve efficiency."
"For maritime transportation enterprises, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce will continue to revise the National Shipbuilding Law and provide interest subsidized loans and financial allowances to purchase domestic ships.
Given that the national shipbuilding cost has been gradually reduced, the original fixed allowance amount will be reduced and the principle of lower fixed amount and proportion method will be adopted."
"In addition, in terms of shipping, Royal Property and several consortiums will set up ship financing leasing companies separately to provide ship financing leasing companies to reduce the operating risks caused by shipping companies due to fluctuations in the shipping cycle, and help shipping companies to quickly reduce their capacity during shipping depressions and quickly expand ship capacity during shipping prosperity. For shipbuilding companies, ship financing leasing companies can provide stable orders and expectations to facilitate the rapid growth of property."
"Tendering for transportation infrastructure construction will promote the median method and increase the introduction of third-party self-calculation agencies to conduct objective and fair assessments to avoid resource waste and rent-seeking. The Ministry of Transport has coordinated with the Ministry of Industry and Commerce to further revise the road construction plan to better fit the national industrial master plan structure."
"In terms of popularization of education, the Ministry of Culture and Education has proposed, and here only cited the vocational education and training and on-the-job adult education system jointly drafted by the Ministry of Culture and Education and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. These systems, with the vocational education and training allowances allocated by the state as a wedge, mainly mobilize the enthusiasm of vocational training of enterprises and fully expound the demonstration role of imperial and state-owned enterprises. On-the-job adult education focuses on cultural knowledge, and is allocated by central education funds. Schools at all levels open night schools and rest day classes, and can be taught in factories... to improve workers' cultural knowledge, and all related expenses are paid by the central government."
"In terms of tariff adjustment, the center intends to formulate tariffs based on the revised contract with various countries, on the premise of ensuring the overall tariff level, reduce tariffs in the country's advantageous products, appropriately increase property tariff care in the pioneering and growth period, impose higher tariffs on imported luxury goods, and appropriately pay export tax rebates for those who provide key support for their exported goods."
Tang Shaoyi talked one by one, and all the important officials were fully focused on listening.
A strong country in business is a slogan that Zheng Ying shouted more than 30 years ago, and it is also a principle that the entire group has always adhered to. Chen Lei, who served as the Prime Minister in his early years, was a firm mercantilist, especially preferred state capitalism. Under his planning and leadership, since the town era, "public property" of a broad scale, such as imperial and state-owned property, has firmly controlled the economic lifeline of the entire country. The private chaebol groups have become vassals of public property under this special political and economic system, and even the leaders of these chaebols can almost be regarded as "civil servants" in a sense.
In normal times, these chaebol property must be directly subject to the unified rules and benefits of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. The division of labor in the industry and region is also coordinated by Kang Caien of various industries, that is, the consortium coordination agency. The Ministry of Industry and Commerce will make the final judgment and supervise the implementation. In the national economic growth rules, the chaebols, on the one hand, are clearly competing for the Cold War, striving to strive for greater growth space and greater growth conditions, and on the other hand, they have to coordinate and implement the plans formulated by Kang Caien and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce to avoid severe rewards and punishments. In the external situation, the chaebols will coordinate export prices and shares to avoid vicious competition, and the same is true for imports.
Although this highly organized and planned economic model cannot be called state monopoly capitalism, it can also be approximately considered a supertrust economy. However, these supertrusts are still vassals of the government and cannot control the government in turn; although deep in the hearts of the chaebols, they are eager to achieve this.
But at least for the moment, facing the powerful monarchs of the previous two generations, the huge and powerful royal property groups, as well as the Imperial Guards and Intelligence Bureau, the Cailans can still be willing to act as vassals.
Zheng Yu squinted his eyes and was also calculating the future structure.
Industrial growth planning is by no means just for the growth of industrial production, but also needs to consider the impact on the entire social organization.
The royal property is getting bloated.
As early as the previous year, he had eliminated and punished a group of managers, formulated a profit-making plan, gradually withdrew from some industries, reclaimed funds and opened up the management of royal property and domestic private property, technical cooperation, opened up the business talent training system, reformed internal management, established an internal labor-management coordination mechanism for the Royal Property, and improved the management intervention of the middle and lower levels.
But he was still very clear that at this moment, the huge royal property, a stubborn disease that is almost impossible to cure in large enterprises is nothing more than the severity of the level. As before, the Tongliao time travelers were foresighted, using the information network of wealth to establish a system beyond the times in management, technology, etc., and using militarized confidentiality methods to protect them, these methods have become increasingly difficult to implement and are also unlucky to the overall economic growth of the country.
How to ensure the competitiveness of royal property in the future is his most troublesome thing.
The matter is obvious; if he leaves the huge strength of the royal property, his absolute control in the country will be damaged, while the chaebols will expand their power and rely on their economic power to gain more and more political voice.
Although he was basically at ease with the personal morality of these Chinese chaebol leaders, capital itself was not a huge property organization that was not so concerned about good or evil, and could not be measured and restrained by personal moral qualities. Once the chaebol forces overwhelm the emperor, who was the representative of the National People's Republic, the entire country was in danger of becoming a clan oligarchy republic. At that time, the lower class and the hereditary and monopoly upper class will gradually become fragmented, and eventually form a social problem of % and % social problems.
This time, he had gathered the Imperial Industry Think Tanks and Decision-making Levels. Experts from several major economic research institutes discussed it behind closed doors. The purpose was to ensure that the royal property continues to be in a reasonable and legal position on the premise of ensuring the overall interests of the country. At the same time, it was necessary to avoid further vicious expansion of the chaebol organization and prevent the Kangcaien system from becoming an economic cancer that erases the later competition.
Zheng Yu's thoughts are much deeper and longer than most people imagine.
After all, the Kangcaien organization is just a product of the times. Its emergence and growth are all to adapt to the needs of national industrial growth and catch-up, to gather domestic industry forces, and to maintain and expand the interests of the group. However, as this organization continues for a long time, the main member companies will become closer and closer, and gradually grow towards a monopoly organization that erases the later competition, which may gradually evolve into an obstacle to economic and social progress.
There are some signs of Kang Caien at this time; it is like a unified salary caliber among members to avoid workers threatening to quit their jobs. For later-promoted advantageous enterprises, Kang Caien's main members will tend to discriminatory quotas to curb their growth rate. In many cases, the strong intervention of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce is relied on the royal family to place special labels on these later-promoted enterprises through the model of property fund investment to check and balance Kang Caien's joint erasure.
But these measures of strong intervention by public power have their own disadvantages, namely rent-seeking.
The collusion between the government and the chaebol interests is Zheng Yu’s most concerned but the most inevitable problem.
For the time being, he can only criticize these Kang Caien through verbal reminders, direct intervention, credit control, reward and punishment proportioning, etc., but whether he is personally or his subordinates, it is difficult for him to have enough energy to fight these tenacious chaebols for a protracted battle.
The key is mechanism reform.
"The national property structure of our empire is planned to focus on growing the following industrial zones;"
"The Beijing-Tianjin Industrial Zone has expanded into the Bohai Economic Belt, mainly relying on the resource advantages, population advantages, cultural advantages, capital advantages and transportation advantages around the Bohai Bay, to grow steel, shipbuilding, automobiles, food processing, textiles, machinery manufacturing and other properties according to local conditions, and drive the growth of related property clusters."
"The Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone is mainly based on Shanghai. It is currently expanding into the entire Yangtze River Delta urban cluster, mainly growing light industry and precision machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, automobile industry, daily chemical industry and other properties."
"Shanshan and Shaanxi Economic Zone plans to rely mainly on the advantages of local coal-steel and bauxite resources, focus on growing coal mining, coal chemical industry, steelmaking, electrolytic aluminum property, and comprehensive pit-hole thermal power generation and high-voltage transmission to reduce energy consumption. The infrastructure construction in the region is still backward...the focus will be given to the construction of railways and high-voltage networks.
"The Liaodong Economic Zone mainly focuses on Anben coal-steel belt, Yingkou Jinzhou magnesium resource belt, Shenyang Industrial Zone, Dalian Lushun Industrial Zone as the core, focusing on the growth of heavy industries such as mining and smelting, automobiles, shipbuilding, agricultural machinery, chemicals, etc., and will grow light industries nearby to meet the needs of the Northeast region."
"Heilongjiang Economic Belt is mainly based on coal, iron, precious metals, non-ferrous metals, wood, agricultural products, and resources from the former Russian Binhai Governor's District. It focuses on Changchen products and wood processing industry, mining and smelting property, and chemical property...
Chapter completed!