Chapter 260: Taoism, Jurisprudence, and the Son of Heaven (2)
As for the elite figures under the old rules of the old system, Shi didn't really want to talk to them about these things.
The two sides have different basic views, and it is impossible to argue about right or wrong on a specific matter. In the end, it is only the most basic thing, and those things are difficult to convince each other.
There was a rumor that after King Wu attacked Zhou, he asked Ji Zi about his destiny. After hearing this, he became nervous and fell seriously ill and died the next year.
I'm afraid that this is about the mysterious things such as divine power, Taoism, and law. After all, for the merchants, the God they recognized were all the ancestors of the Shang royal family and were a family. If Zhou wanted to talk about destiny, he could only change the meaning of God, but it was extremely difficult.
The issues discussed by this scholar at this time are actually similar in a sense.
The foundation of Confucianism is based on ancient times to reform. They think they are right, which originated from the ancient times of Yao, Shun and Yu that some things were eternal and unchanging, so their morality was legitimate.
Now that the scholar has finished laying the groundwork, he said: "Zhongni is a great talent, but after Zhongni passed away, there are Confucian scholars of son Zhang, Confucian scholars of Yan, Confucian scholars of Qi Diao, Confucian scholars of Zhongliang, and Confucian scholars of Le Zheng."
"The Confucian numbers have different choices and different choices, but they all call themselves true Confucius. They say that they are heresy and correct them."
"Monnie cannot be resurrected. Who will make him a true Confucian scholar? Who will be heresy? Who will be corrected?"
"The root of this is because the events of the Yao, Shun and Yu era cannot be known. They are all speculations or fabrications. In this way, anyone can say that they are true Confucians and then denounce other people as heresy and corrections."
"This is the case with Confucianism. Isn't there such dangers for Mohism?"
"Now that Shizi is still there, the Mo family can still be one, united and synonymous with comrades. The Mo family does not care about life and death, but if Shizi dies, will the Mo family not divide many factions, each thinking that they are orthodox and reject each other as heresy, and correct them?"
"I think that the success and failure of the Mohist school are synonymous with each other."
Shi smiled, and did not directly refute, but asked, "Why is success and failure synonymous?"
The scholar glanced at Shi and smiled and said, "How can Shizi not know? He just wanted to listen to me and then find mistakes in my words to refute me, avoid the main problems, and overturn everything about me from the small mistakes in my words."
"But it's okay. I don't want to defeat Shiko in words. I just need to say it out. If Shiko avoids the important thing and is less important, then even if I am refuted by Shiko because of a small mistake in words, then I will be the winner, because my purpose is not to refute Shiko in words but to be sure that Shiko knows and cannot refute, and the loss and the win must be seen from my purpose."
This kind of saying that one-sidedly declared one's victory before arguing has made many people present laugh.
The scholar was not shy and said calmly: "Success is synonymous, not to mention it, I only say it is synonymous."
"The giants of the Mohist school must have the right to interpret the heavenly will. Then this will fall into the situation after the Confucian score: Any giants must make the upper and lower levels synonyms and recognize their own interpretation of "true Mo", and thus denounce others as heresy corrections, which is the attack on heresy."
"At that time, there will be endless internal struggles. Everyone thinks that they are the real Mo, and everyone thinks that others are heretics. The Mo family is infinitely divided, and the world will eventually be in chaos."
"In today's chaotic times, Mo Di knows both the Tianzhi and the battlefield, and the same is true for Shi Zi. Therefore, Shi Zi can explain that Tianzhi naturally thinks that Tianzhi naturally thinks that he can hold military power and no one dares to refuse to obey. If in the future, those who hold military power will definitely know that Tianzhi will explain naturally? How can this problem be solved at that time?"
The words of scholars are a variant of the Legalist theory that has just begun to be circulated and developed at this time.
Originally, there was indeed a situation in history where Confucianism was infinitely divided. Confucianism did not mention eight points, and Mohism also had three points, three points after three points. Finally, there were those who went to the Legalists, Taoists, and retro warrior spirits.
Criticize each other and fight each other, and ultimately, one has to respect oneself and think that it is orthodox. This is a civilized battle of theocracy.
It has to be said that the problem mentioned by this scholar does exist, but in fact it is not dangerous.
After the Mohist family was reorganized in Shangqiu City, they did not choose to train troops to gain military power, and then wait until the future to clean up the military coup.
But from that time on, he was the first person who followed the rules in the entire Mohist school. He started with Mozi's secretary, mastered the power of internal party building and ideological interpretation, and then focused on economy and military. The economy and military were only auxiliary. In the end, he had the righteousness of "explaining the will of heaven and nature", and he became a giant, not a military coup.
He could not solve the situation mentioned by the scholars, because from the beginning he was planning to let the Mohist family break into pieces and divide them into many different schools in the future.
What the Mohist school now represents is the interests of the emerging bourgeoisie, which is to crush the basic small peasants, citizens and small producers of the Mohist school. Of course, there will be resistance and dissatisfaction. This resistance and dissatisfaction will be crushed to maturity by the wheel of history, until one day when these crushed classes have nothing to sell their labor, the problems in the world will be much simpler.
Just like Shi's usual approach: he couldn't solve the problem that the Qufu people asked Mo Zi back then, that is, I love Zou people more than I love Yue people, and love Lu people more than I love Zou people... Shi's solution is to solve the problem of Lu people Yue people and become a person in the world.
Similarly, he cannot solve all the struggles in the future, so he will simplify the problem, make fewer and fewer opposing gulfs with contradictions, and turn the colorful into light and dark.
So he didn't care whether the Mohist family would split in the future, so he would keep the farmer with strong fantasy ingredients and maintain the internal faction of the extreme.
At this time, the scholar asked this question, which was quite a bit like King Wu asked Ji Zi back then.
After thinking for a while, I asked the scholar: "I know that Confucianism criticized each other for heresy. But you said that Confucianism and Mohism were all imitating Yao, Shun and Yu, but it was not entirely true. If the problem you mentioned later was to be solved, you must first figure out whether the Mohism imitated Yao, Shun and Yu and Confucianism were the same as Yao, Shun and Yu."
The scholar said: "The different laws and different choices are all called Zhen Yao, Shun, and Yu. You can say that the laws are different from choices, but you cannot say that the methods are different. For example, the Mohist school comes from Yao, Shun and Yu, and the Confucians brings the eternal morality, but they are all ancient laws, aren't it?"
"What you call equality, love, synonymity, and according to the principle of Tao following nature, the land should belong to all people in the world. Isn't this Fagu?"
"Is it the king's land under the world? If it weren't for Fagu, how could it be correct to find out that the land belongs to the people of the world?"
"Because you need to be correct, we must recognize that the ancient times were correct. The ancient times were correct, but Yin was more than seven hundred years old, Yu, Xia was more than two thousand years old, Yao and Shun's way was before three thousand years old, and no one knew what was going on at that time, which would lead to everyone saying that they were the true Confucianism and the true Mo."
Shi laughed and said, "I thought you must be a high-profile article when you come this time, but I don't expect that there are some random speculations. The Mohist book is very clear, and the truth that the land belongs to the world comes from nature. The so-called Tao follows nature, not Tao follows Yao and Shun."
"It was just that when Yao and Shun were in the world, the land was owned by the people. Yao and Shun were saints, but even saints could they compare with the will of heaven?"
"The Mohist law system is based on nature, not the ancient sages."
"The Mo family regards Yu as a saint, and praises Dayu for the benefit of the world through wind and rain, rather than praises everything about Dayu. During Dayu, all the manpower and material resources in the world had to control the water. Has the Mo family now used all the manpower and material resources in the world to control the water?"
"Working through wind and rain to clear the rivers so that people will not be fish or turtles, is to benefit the world; studying Tianzhi and inventing machinery and mastering skills to allocate land is to benefit the world. What the Mohist school admires is the soul of Yu, not his politics."
"Zi Mo Zi said: Yao is good at governing, and he has been in the past since ancient times. Since ancient times, he has been in the present, and Yao cannot govern."
"Yao was a person who implemented good governance, but that was a policy that was in line with the actual situation at that time. At that time, Yao was burning the wasteland in spring, which was called good governance; but now he has planted wheat for a long time. If he still had to burn the wasteland in spring, it would be harmful to politics."
"If the present is in ancient times, Yao will be good at governing; if the present is in modern times, Yao's government will be harmful to the government."
"What is good governance? It makes the world better."
"How do you know whether the world is profitable? Zi Mozi has three statements, whether the so-called population increases? Does the total wealth of geniuses increase? Does the increased wealth make most people profit?"
"Mohist schools believe that the will of heaven is naturally eternal, while Confucians believe that loyalty, faith, etiquette, morality is eternal. This is the essential difference."
"Zi Mozi used to look at concave mirror imaging in the past, thinking that concave mirror imaging was called the center of the ball. However, in the city of Shangqiu, I used grass and silk to make birds and said that shadows would not move. Zi Mozi said that verification was first, so after verification, I found that concave mirror imaging was called the focus rather than the center of the ball."
"In the past, Zi Mozi looked at the pulleys and inclined surfaces and gave it a labor-saving effort to pull objects on the inclined surfaces than to directly pull objects in the air. So in today's order, someone proposed the quadrilateral rule of force."
"Zi Mozi thought in the past that force and objects were thrust into shape. But now, after verification, it can be seen that force is the source of the original state of an object rather than the movement of an object."
"So nature is eternal, and man can change the principles of explaining nature, and only nature is eternal and unchanging and can judge right or wrong."
"So the people of the Mohist school can make mistakes and can be pointed out that this is wrong."
"If morality is eternal, loyalty, faithfulness, etiquette and morality are eternal, then the most moral ones are the ancient sage kings such as Yao, Shun and Yu, so they are the closest to eternal morality, so there is no Yao's good governance, and it has been in the past. Since ancient times, it has been in the present, so there is a problem that Yao cannot govern. Yao's politics must be good governance, which will lead to the situation that you mentioned that the policies of the 700, Yu and Xia and 2,000 ancient sage kings of the Shang Dynasty rely entirely on compilation."
"Because morality is eternal, the Holy King is correct, so the law has been correct in ancient times, so we have to compile it. Why did the Mohist school want to compile it? Yao's policy was good at the time, but now it is a harmful policy. We have natural laws and laws originated from Tao. So what are we doing to compile ancient policies?"
"It is not because Yao and Shun value virtuousness, so it is right to value virtuousness, but because it is right to value virtuousness, so Yao and Shun did this so that they were the saint king. When Yao was only planting one season of food, we should not say that Yao's politics must be good governance just because Yao only planted one season, but we should think that it is harmful to politics now, but that it is good governance under the circumstances at that time."
"The Mohist tradition is natural, and the Giant inherits the method of understanding the natural world, rather than an irreversible conclusion. The Confucian tradition is morality, and the Confucian inherits the morality that is eternal and unchangeable, and is an irreversible conclusion. This is the difference, so what you are worried about is not a matter at all."
Chapter completed!