Volume Four, Arms Empire, Chapter 13, The First Business
On the 23rd, the Iranian purchasing team arrived in Beijing.
Compared with the past, the Iranian procurement team is not only larger in scale, but also higher in level. The team leader is Iranian Vice President Hariri, and among them are Iranian Minister of Defense, Foreign Affairs, Finance, Chief of Staff of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Chief of Staff of the Air Force and Chief of the Navy.
It can be said that this is not a "procurement group", but a "diplomatic visiting group".
According to Ji Youguo's instructions, the military purchase negotiations were entirely under the responsibility of "China Resources Corporation". Zhao Rundong had an informal meeting with the Iranian vice president as the "deputy head of state".
The negotiations were going quite hard.
During the first contact, the Chief of Staff of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps suddenly proposed to purchase tactical ballistic missiles and land-based cruise missiles with a range of less than 500 kilometers, and agreed to pay the military purchase in advance.
Iran's new demands completely disrupted + Muhua's negotiation plan.
Although the Republic has nothing to do with the US-Russia Intermediate-Future Treaty and does not promise non-proliferation of ballistic missile technology, the sale of tactical ballistic missiles is by no means a trivial matter.
As early as five years ago, the Republic's last liquid-fuel ballistic missile was withdrawn from service. If the Republic agreed to sell ballistic missiles to Iran, it could only provide solid-fuel ballistic missiles. Compared with liquid-fuel ballistic missiles, the advantages of solid-fuel ballistic missiles are very obvious. Although Iran is also developing solid-fuel ballistic missiles on its own, and two years ago also tested the "Abbas" solid-fuel tactical ballistic missile with a range of 250 kilometers, it has not yet conducted a second test, proving that Iran's solid-fuel technology has not passed.
Iran hopes to purchase tactical ballistic missiles from the Republic with the goal of obtaining the Republic's solid fuel technology.
The Military Intelligence Bureau later confirmed this speculation. The Iranian procurement team heading to Moscow also made a request to Russia to purchase tactical ballistic missiles. As a result, the Russian president refused.
Ji Youguo will definitely not let go of this issue and will not make Iran "despair".
When the second round of negotiations was held the next day, + Muhua politely rejected the request of the Chief of Staff of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps. He said that he could only provide Iran with 330mm rocket launchers with a range of 120 kilometers.
Iran seemed to have expected this result long ago. In subsequent negotiations, it proposed a land request for procurement of guided rockets.
Obviously, this requirement cannot be met.
Guided rocket ground technology can be used to improve ballistic missile and cruise missile ground guidance technology. Iran developed by itself (actually purchased technology from North Korea and produced by itself) several types of ballistic missile ground accuracy are not high enough. For example, the maximum error of the ballistic missile ground in the range of 1,500 kilometers exceeds 1,500 kilometers, and the minimum error also exceeds 50c meters. When using conventional warhead ground, there is basically no deterrent effect. If Iran obtains the Republic's ground guidance technology, its ballistic missile ground strike accuracy will be improved texture, posing a serious threat to neighboring countries.
Just one guidance technology is also a "strategic offensive weapon".
In the end, Iran did not buy tactical ballistic missiles or 330mm rocket launchers. A few days of negotiations were basically in vain.
Because Iran purchased too many weapons, the negotiations were divided into different services and carried out at the same time.
The most eye-catching thing is the fighter jet procurement plan.
Before leaving Tehran, Iranian Vice President Hariri announced to the media that the Republic would sell advanced fighter jets to Iran.
After the negotiations began, Iran first proposed to purchase the J-13 series fighter jets.
Although all j-13s have been domestically produced, except that they look similar to su-30mk||, the engines, electronic equipment, and even the main structure of the body are different from su-30mk||. For sale of j-13, it depends on the Russian expression, but this deal is still not reached.
The Republic still refuses to sell j-13 when Iran offers a unit price of US$55 million and the equipment is calculated separately.
Subsequently, the Republic rejected Iran's request to purchase j-111.
The focus of the negotiations fell on j-10. Iran initially proposed to purchase the latest j-10c, or improve it according to Iran's local requirements based on j-11cc, rather than purchasing basic j-10.
The j-10c is not a simple improved model, and the Republic Air Force is not equipped.
According to the renewal plan of the Republic Air Force, at the end of 2015, the j-15 should be finalized and put into mass production to gradually replace the j-10 series fighter jets. As a result, the development progress of the j-15 has been delayed again and again. By the end of 2015, even the test flight of the prototype aircraft was not completed. Under this circumstance, Chengdu Aircraft Manufacturing Company launched j-10c based on j-10b.
Compared with j-10b, j-1 uses a "Taihang 0-2 engine with a maximum thrust of 7%, reaching 1 kiloN; the body uses a large number of aluminum alloys and composite materials, and the air weight is reduced by 220 kilograms and the fatigue life is 8,500 hours; an active phased array electronic scanning radar made of j-15~ has a maximum detection distance of 270 kilometers, with a multi-task mode; a special hanging point for electronic pods is added, which can carry laser indicator pods, tactical terrain matching tracking pods, millimeter wave ground detection radar pods, and greatly improve the ground/sea strike capability.
Through these improvements, the combat performance of j-10c has surpassed the third-generation fighter jets in all aspects and reached the level of third-generation and a half-generation fighter jets.
Because a large number of new equipment developed for j-15 are adopted, the price of j-10c is nearly 50% higher than j-10b.
Chengdu Aircraft Manufacturing Company originally hoped that the Air Force and Navy Air Force would be able to purchase it
j-10c, In early 20166, the Air Force and Cheng Fei formed an intended procurement contract and paid about 5 development costs. As a result, the Sino-Japanese East China Sea War completely changed the fate of j-10c.
In this war, the exchange ratio of three generations and three generations and a half generation fighters with f--22 is 11 to 1!
Although the actual results are around 8 to 1, such a huge gap makes the Air Force and Navy Air Force determined not to purchase third-generation and third-generation and a half-generation fighter jets, but to increase investment in the fourth-generation fighter jets, so that the j-14j-15 can be completed as soon as possible and put into service!
As a result, Cheng Fei only recovered 5 of the 20-year funds invested by j-10c.
As a "compensation", the Air Force and HNA signed agreements with Chengfei at the end of last year to improve all j-10j-10b fighter jets according to some standards of j-10c. The total value of the two contracts reached 220, and Chengfei could obtain about 1c profits from it.
This still cannot compensate Cheng Fei's losses, and can only force Cheng Fei to sell j-0c in the international market.
Iran’s proposal to purchase j-10c is not an excessive requirement.
The problem is that there are many advanced technologies that cannot be sold on the j-11cc. The j1cc that Chengfei sold abroad is actually a simplified version. For example, the engine still uses the "Taihang 1c" of the j-10, with a thrust of only 133 thousand N.
After negotiations, the two sides finally reached an agreement.
Based on the J-10c area, the Republic made improvements in accordance with the requirements put forward by Iran (mainly some interfaces were replaced with the standards of the Iranian Air Force), and sold single-seat and 12-seat j-1 to Iran with a stretcher of $35 million, supporting equipment and weapons and ammunition. The total contract value was 38 yuan.
The signing of the formal contract was that + Muhua agreed to an additional request from Iran to pay the military purchases with oil.
Subsequently, the Iranian Air Force also ordered the 72fc-11 fighter jet, 24 long-range air defense system and 36 short-range air defense systems. The total value of these three contracts reached 68 yuan, and the purchase amount was still paid with oil.
When the Iranian Air Force's procurement negotiations ended, the Army and Navy's procurement negotiations were also over.
The problem of selling Army equipment is not very big. The total value of the three transactions is 2.7 billion euros, + Muhua agreed to settle in euros.
Navy negotiations encountered the biggest problems, mainly focusing on submarines.
Iran proposed to purchase AIP conventional submarines equipped by the Republic's naval equipment, but was rejected. After multiple rounds of negotiations, an agreement was finally reached. The Republic modified the existing most advanced AIP conventional submarines in accordance with the technical requirements put forward by Iran. The first boat was built in the Wuhan Shipyard in the Republic, and the latter three were assembled by the Iranian shipyard in the form of providing a scattered parts.
At that time, the biggest problem was the AIP system and heavy electric torpedo.
The AIP system in the Republic is based on "Longxiang Battery". What is provided to Iran is an enhanced version of civilian composite batteries. Not only is the performance much worse than that of military models, it also adopts a stricter packaging method. Iran cannot dismantle and maintain it on its own. The core technology of heavy electric torpedo land is also a "Longxiang Battery". In order to avoid the loss of important technologies, the heavy electric torpedo provided to Iran still uses enhanced composite batteries, which has reduced the performance a lot.
Another question in naval equipment procurement negotiations is when the funds will be paid.
Iran only promised to pay a 25% deposit before delivery and the remaining 75% after delivery. Because the construction cycle of warships and submarines reaches several years, no one can guarantee that Iran will still be able to pay the purchase amount in a few years, so + Muhua asked Iran to pay at least 75% of the deposit. If Iran violates the contract agreement, only 25% of the deposit will be repaid, and the rest will be paid to "China Heavy Industry Corporation" as a contract liquidated damages.
After difficult negotiations, Iran finally agreed to pay the deposit in advance and compensated it to "China National Heavy Industry Corporation" after breach of contract.
Just as he refused to sell tactical ballistic missiles and land-based cruise missiles, the Republic also refused to sell extremely threatening submarine-launched cruise missiles to Iran, and only agreed to sell C-804 submarine-launched anti-ship missiles with a range shortened to 250 kilometers and unable to attack ground targets.
The total value of several Navy military purchase contracts reached RMB 2, and Iran still paid the deposit with oil.
After a week of negotiations, on January 30, the two sides signed an arms sales contract with a total value of US$18.5 billion in the form of a "package arms sales agreement". Iran will provide 20 million tons of light crude oil to "China Heavy Industry Corporation" at a price of US$1 per barrel within the next three months, and pay an additional 75 million euros of transportation costs.
To this end, +Muhua had to set up a separate crude oil import and export company, trying to convert Iran's crude oil into cash.
The Iranian procurement team and China National Heavy Industry Corporation also reached an additional agreement. In addition to naval equipment and equipment produced under the agreement, if China National Heavy Industry Corporation can deliver all equipment within 3 months, Iran will provide an additional 2.5 million tons of crude oil as an "additional reward".
Iran's request was undoubtedly "inspired" by the Military Intelligence Bureau.
In the end, the Iranian purchasing team returned to Tehran with satisfactory results.
+Mu Hua made her first deal without leaving her home, but the next thing was enough for her to be busy for several months.
damn it**
Chapter completed!